Objective
Dysphagia is a common clinical condition characterized by difficulty in swallowing. It is sub-classified into oropharyngeal dysphagia, which refers to problems in the mouth and pharynx, and esophageal dysphagia, which refers to problems in the esophageal body and esophagogastric junction. Dysphagia can have a significant negative impact one’s physical health and quality of life as its severity increases. Therefore, proper assessment and management of dysphagia are critical for improving swallowing function and preventing complications. Thus a guideline was developed to provide evidence-based recommendations for assessment and management in patients with dysphagia.
Methods
Nineteen key questions on dysphagia were developed. These questions dealt with various aspects of problems related to dysphagia, including assessment, management, and complications. A literature search for relevant articles was conducted using Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and one domestic database of KoreaMed, until April 2021. The level of evidence and recommendation grade were established according to the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology.
Results
Early screening and assessment of videofluoroscopic swallowing were recommended for assessing the presence of dysphagia. Therapeutic methods, such as tongue and pharyngeal muscle strengthening exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation with swallowing therapy, were effective in improving swallowing function and quality of life in patients with dysphagia. Nutritional intervention and an oral care program were also recommended.
Conclusion
This guideline presents recommendations for the assessment and management of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia, including rehabilitative strategies.

Citations

• Using concept mapping to guide dysphagia service enhancements in Singapore: Recommendations from the speech-language pathology workforce
  Flora M.M Poon, Elizabeth C. Ward, Clare L. Burns
  International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.2025; 27(1): 56.     CrossRef
• Dysphagia Screening in Residential Long-Term Care Settings in the Republic of Ireland: A Cross-Sectional Survey
  Constantino Estupiñán Artiles, Claire Donnellan, Julie Regan, Mary Mooney
  Dysphagia.2025; 40(3): 614.     CrossRef
• Cough Suppression Therapy in Patients With Chronic Refractory Cough and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
  ShengYing A. Chen, Jessica F. Kim, Priya Krishna, Ethan Simmons, Brianna K. Crawley, Thomas Murry
  American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.2025; 34(3): 1058.     CrossRef
• Characterization of Beverage Viscosity Based on the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative and Its Correspondence to the Japanese Dysphagia Diet 2021
  Mari Nakao-Kato, Aya Takahashi, Jin Magara
  Nutrients.2025; 17(6): 1051.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing oropharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with chronic neurological disorders presenting to the outpatient swallowing disorder clinic
  Güleser Güney Yılmaz, Müberra Tanrıverdi, Remzi Doğan, Orhan Özturan
  Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.2025; 97: 106387.     CrossRef
• The Efficacy of Outpatient Swallowing Therapy: A Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Study
  Tyler W. Crosby, Sonja Molfenter, Matina Balou, Uche C. Ezeh, Milan R. Amin
  Dysphagia.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Role of Dysphagia on Head and Neck Cancer Patients’ Quality of Life, Functional Disabilities and Psychological Distress: Outcomes of Cancer Rehabilitation from an Observational Single-Center Study
  Špela Matko, Christina Knauseder, David Riedl, Vincent Grote, Michael J. Fischer, Samuel Moritz Vorbach, Karin Pfaller-Frank, Wilhelm Frank, Thomas Licht
  Current Oncology.2025; 32(4): 220.     CrossRef
• Evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of SOS Dysphagia: Brief educational interventions for adult patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and their informal caregivers
  Zahya Ghaddar, Nayla Matar, Anh Nguyet Diep, Delphine Kirkove, Aline Tohmé, Benoit Pétré
  International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Neuromyostimulation methods for treatment of neurogenic dysphagia
  S. A. Zaytsevskaya, R. Kh. Lyukmanov, N. B. Loginova, A. A. Panina, E. S. Berdnikovich, N. A. Suponeva
  Russian neurological journal.2025; 30(2): 4.     CrossRef
• Mind the gap: Which are the gaps in dysphagia management?
  Carlo Pedrolli
  Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.2025; 69: 1.     CrossRef
• Effects of oral hygiene and oral exercise on oral hypofunction in residents of long-term care facilities
  Chih-Hung Ko, Ming-Chu Feng, Chia-Ling Chao, Chih-Hsing Hung, Meng-Ling Hou, Ming-Feng Wu, Sheng-Hsiu Wu
  Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The impact of physical therapy on dysphagia in neurological diseases: a review
  Kun Li, Cuiyuan Fu, Zhen Xie, Jiajia Zhang, Chenchen Zhang, Rui Li, Caifeng Gao, Jiahui Wang, Chuang Xue, Yuebing Zhang, Wei Deng
  Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Clinical Characteristics and Evaluation of Dysphagia in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
  Seo Jung Yun, Han Gil Seo
  Journal of the Korean Dysphagia Society.2024; 14(1): 10.     CrossRef
• Updated Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Long COVID
  Jun-Won Seo, Seong Eun Kim, Yoonjung Kim, Eun Jung Kim, Tark Kim, Taehwa Kim, So Hee Lee, Eunjung Lee, Jacob Lee, Yu Bin Seo, Young-Hoon Jeong, Young Hee Jung, Yu Jung Choi, Joon Young Song
  Infection & Chemotherapy.2024; 56(1): 122.     CrossRef
• Association between the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and mortality in older Japanese patients with dysphagia
  Chunhong Guo, Pingping Zheng, Shiyang Chen, Lin Wei, Xiuzhen Fu, Youyuan Fu, Tianhong Hu, Shaohua Chen
  Frontiers in Nutrition.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Compensatory strategies of dysphagia after anterior cervical spinal surgery: A case report
  Sung Joon Chung, Jun Ho Lee, Yunsoo Soh
  Medicine.2024; 103(29): e39016.     CrossRef
• The Right ICD Code, Right Now: A Call to Action for Pragmatic Language Disorders After Right Hemisphere Stroke
  Jamila Minga, Shanika Phillips Fullwood, Deborah Rose, Danai Kasambira Fannin
  American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.2024; 33(6): 3121.     CrossRef
• Dysphagia and Dysphonia After Head and Neck Cancer
  Aaron Parsons, Karuna Dewan
  Oral Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The pathophysiology of dysphagia post‐lung transplant: A systematic review
  Sana Smaoui, Elly Cummins, Maryah Mena, Summer Scott, Rodrigo Tobar‐Fredes
  Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of segmental tongue function training on tongue pressure attributes in individuals with dysphagia after receiving radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
  Fei Zhao, Chen Yang, Si-Ming Sun, Yao-Wen Zhang, Hong-Mei Wen, Zu-Lin Dou, Xiao-Mei Wei, Chun-Qing Xie
  BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia
  Kyoung Hyo Choi
  Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(10): 604.     CrossRef

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly able to learn from larger and more complex data, thus allowing clinicians and scientists to gain new insights from the information they collect about their patients every day. In rehabilitation medicine, AI can be used to find patterns in huge amounts of healthcare data. These patterns can then be leveraged at the individual level, to design personalized care strategies and interventions to optimize each patient’s outcomes. However, building effective AI tools requires many careful considerations about how we collect and handle data, how we train the models, and how we interpret results. In this perspective, we discuss some of the current opportunities and challenges for AI in rehabilitation. We first review recent trends in AI for the screening, diagnosis, treatment, and continuous monitoring of disease or injury, with a special focus on the different types of healthcare data used for these applications. We then examine potential barriers to designing and integrating AI into the clinical workflow, and we propose an end-to-end framework to address these barriers and guide the development of effective AI for rehabilitation. Finally, we present ideas for future work to pave the way for AI implementation in real-world rehabilitation practices.

Citations

• Traumatic brain injury: Bridging pathophysiological insights and precision treatment strategies
  Yujia Lu, Jie Jin, Huajing Zhang, Qianying Lu, Yingyi Zhang, Chuanchuan Liu, Yangfan Liang, Sijia Tian, Yanmei Zhao, Haojun Fan
  Neural Regeneration Research.2026; 21(3): 887.     CrossRef
• Blending Bytes and Bench Presses: The Future of Online Exercise and Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Rehabilitation
  Rowena Naidoo, Verusia Chetty
  Journal of Physical Activity and Health.2025; 22(1): 2.     CrossRef
• The potential role of artificial intelligence to promote the participation and inclusion in physical exercise and sports for people with disabilities: A narrative review
  João Paulo Pereira Rosa
  Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies.2025; 42: 127.     CrossRef
• Estimation of elbow flexion torque using equilibrium optimizer on feature selection of NMES MMG signals and hyperparameter tuning of random forest regression
  Raphael Uwamahoro, Kenneth Sundaraj, Farah Shahnaz Feroz
  Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• From screens to scenes: A survey of embodied AI in healthcare
  Yihao Liu, Xu Cao, Tingting Chen, Yankai Jiang, Junjie You, Minghua Wu, Xiaosong Wang, Mengling Feng, Yaochu Jin, Jintai Chen
  Information Fusion.2025; 119: 103033.     CrossRef
• Artificial intelligence in stroke rehabilitation: From acute care to long-term recovery
  Spandana Rajendra Kopalli, Madhu Shukla, B. Jayaprakash, Mayank Kundlas, Ankur Srivastava, Jayant Jagtap, Monica Gulati, Sridevi Chigurupati, Eiman Ibrahim, Prasanna Shama Khandige, Dario Salguero Garcia, Sushruta Koppula, Amin Gasmi
  Neuroscience.2025; 572: 214.     CrossRef
• Deep Learning for Predicting Rehabilitation Success: Advancing Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcome Modeling
  Yasser Mahmoud, Kaleb Horvath, Yi Zhou
  Electronics.2025; 14(6): 1082.     CrossRef
• AI-Driven Telerehabilitation: Benefits and Challenges of a Transformative Healthcare Approach
  Rocco Salvatore Calabrò, Sepehr Mojdehdehbaher
  AI.2025; 6(3): 62.     CrossRef
• Harnessing Generative Artificial Intelligence for Exercise and Training Prescription: Applications and Implications in Sports and Physical Activity—A Systematic Literature Review
  Luca Puce, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Antonio Currà, Carlo Trompetto
  Applied Sciences.2025; 15(7): 3497.     CrossRef
• Functional and motoric outcome of AI-assisted stroke rehabilitation: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  Tivano Antoni, Benedictus Benedictus, Stefanus Erdana Putra
  Brain Disorders.2025; 18: 100224.     CrossRef
• Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Comprehensive Systematic Literature Review on Diagnostic Approaches, Treatment Modalities and Recent Advances
  Anjani Kumar, Sanjay Kumar Pandey, Sanyal Kumar, Amit Kumar Mallik, Debasish Jena
  Indian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2025; 35(2): 59.     CrossRef
• Insights into motor impairment assessment using myographic signals with artificial intelligence: a scoping review
  Wonbum Sohn, M. Hongchul Sohn, Jongsang Son
  Biomedical Engineering Letters.2025; 15(4): 693.     CrossRef
• AI-driven wearable sensors for postoperative monitoring in surgical patients: A systematic review
  Muhammad Mohsin Khan, Noman Shah
  Computers in Biology and Medicine.2025; 196: 110783.     CrossRef
• Guest Editor’s Message: Special Topics Issue on Digital Health and Rehabilitation Technologies
  Bruce H. Greenfield, Alan Chong Lee
  Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy.2025; 48(3): 111.     CrossRef
• Minimum required distance for clinically significant measurement of habitual gait speed
  Myung Woo Park, Sun Gun Chung, Jaewon Beom, Kyung Su Kim, Joonghee Kim, Chul-Hyun Park, Jinkyu Lee, Keewon Kim
  BMC Geriatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Applying AI to Safely and Effectively Scale Care to Address Chronic MSK Conditions
  Anabela C. Areias, Dora Janela, Robert G. Moulder, Maria Molinos, Virgílio Bento, Carolina Moreira, Vijay Yanamadala, Fernando Dias Correia, Fabíola Costa
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(15): 4366.     CrossRef
• RETRACTED ARTICLE: Using AI to navigate complex neurosurgical procedures in rare gliomas
  Mayur Wanjari, Gaurav Mittal, Roshan Prasad
  Neurosurgical Review.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Quantifying Asymmetric Gait Pattern Changes Using a Hidden Markov Model Similarity Measure (HMM-SM) on Inertial Sensor Signals
  Gabriel Ng, Aliaa Gouda, Jan Andrysek
  Sensors.2024; 24(19): 6431.     CrossRef
• Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education and Mentoring in Rehabilitation Medicine
  Julie K. Silver, Mustafa Reha Dodurgali, Nara Gavini
  American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation.2024; 103(11): 1039.     CrossRef
• Artificial Intelligence and Its Revolutionary Role in Physical and Mental Rehabilitation: A Review of Recent Advancements
  Amir Rahmani Rasa, Alejandro L. Borja
  BioMed Research International.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Enhanced gait tracking measures for individuals with stroke using leg-worn inertial sensors
  Francesco Lanotte, Shusuke Okita, Megan K. O’Brien, Arun Jayaraman
  Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• How Artificial Intelligence–Based Digital Rehabilitation Improves End-User Adherence: A Rapid Review (Preprint)
  Mahsa MohammadNamdar, Michael Lowery Wilson, Kari-Pekka Murtonen, Eeva Aartolahti, Michael Oduor, Katariina Korniloff
  JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To determine the efficacy of concentric vs. eccentric exercise in improving shoulder function, pain, and tendon characteristics for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and rotator cuff tendinopathy.
Methods
Forty patients with rheumatoid arthritis and rotator cuff tendinopathy were divided into either concentric or eccentric exercise groups, with 20 patients in each group. Patients received 12 sessions at a pace of 3 sessions per week. Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), the visual analogue scale (VAS), supraspinatus and subscapularis thickness, echo pixels, and the Disease Activity Score-28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS-28-ESR) were assessed at baseline and post-treatment.
Results
There was a significant difference between the concentric and eccentric groups regarding SPADI and VAS scores in favor of the eccentric group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding tendon thickness, echo pixels, or DAS-28-ESR.
Conclusion
Eccentric exercises were more effective than concentric exercises in improving shoulder function and pain intensity. However, neither of the two types of exercises was superior in improving tendon characteristics or disease activity.

Citations

• Response: Eccentric Versus Concentric Exercises in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Randomized Comparative Study (Ann Rehabil Med 2023;47:26-35)
  Mina Magdy Wahba, Mona Selim, Mohammed Moustafa Hegazy, Rasmia Elgohary, Mohammed Shawki Abdelsalam
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(1): 3.     CrossRef
• Letter to the Editor: Eccentric Versus Concentric Exercises in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Randomized Comparative Study
  Vanshika Agarwal, Jeyanthi. S, Adarsh Sharma
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(1): 1.     CrossRef

Sarcopenic dysphagia is characterized by weakness of swallowing-related muscles associated with whole-body sarcopenia. As the number of patients with sarcopenia increases with the aging of the world, the number of patients with sarcopenic dysphagia is also increasing. The prevalence of sarcopenic dysphagia is high in the institutionalized older people and in patients hospitalized for pneumonia with dysphagia in acute care hospitals. Prevention, early detection and intervention of sarcopenic dysphagia with rehabilitation nutrition are essential. The diagnosis of sarcopenic dysphagia is based on skeletal and swallowing muscle strength and muscle mass. A reliable and validated diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia is used. Sarcopenic dysphagia is associated with malnutrition, which leads to mortality and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) decline. The rehabilitation nutrition approach improves swallowing function, nutrition status, and ADL. A combination of aggressive nutrition therapy to improve nutrition status, dysphagia rehabilitation, physical therapy, and other interventions can be effective for sarcopenic dysphagia. The rehabilitation nutrition care process is used to assess and problem solve the patient’s pathology, sarcopenia, and nutrition status. The simplified rehabilitation nutrition care process consists of a nutrition cycle and a rehabilitation cycle, each with five steps: assessment, diagnosis, goal setting, intervention, and monitoring. Nutrition professionals and teams implement the nutrition cycle. Rehabilitation professionals and teams implement the rehabilitation cycle. Both cycles should be done simultaneously. The nutrition diagnosis of undernutrition, overnutrition/obesity, sarcopenia, and goal setting of rehabilitation and body weight are implemented collaboratively.

Citations

• Dual burden of sarcopenia and impaired oral status on activities of daily living, cognition and swallowing outcomes in post-stroke patients
  Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Fumihiko Nagano, Ayaka Matsumoto, Sayuri Shimazu, Ai Shiraishi, Yoshifumi Kido, Takahiro Bise, Takenori Hamada, Kouki Yoneda
  Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2025; 129: 105648.     CrossRef
• Progress in dysphagia management in older patients
  Gero Lueg, Maryam Pourhassan, Rainer Wirth
  Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care.2025; 28(1): 14.     CrossRef
• The rehabilitation nutrition oral care process: Implementing the triad of rehabilitation, nutrition, and oral management
  Hidetaka Wakabayashi
  Journal of General and Family Medicine.2025; 26(2): 114.     CrossRef
• Association of antipsychotic drugs and tongue strength in patients with dysphagia: A cross-sectional study
  Hiroki Maki, Akio Shimizu, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Shinta Nishioka, Ryo Momosaki
  Geriatric Nursing.2025; : 103334.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field on Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review
  Renata Marchewka, Tomasz Trzmiel, Katarzyna Hojan
  Brain Sciences.2024; 14(5): 430.     CrossRef
• Malnutrition and cachexia may affect death but not functional improvement in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia
  Mai Yamanaka, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Shinta Nishioka, Ryo Momosaki
  European Geriatric Medicine.2024; 15(3): 777.     CrossRef
• Association between sarcopenia and urinary dysfunction in patients with dysphagia
  Shingo Kakehi, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Eri Isono, Ryohei Takemura, Yuka Sato, Yukiko Otsuka, Takako Nagai, Shinta Nishioka, Ryo Momosaki
  Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2024; 127: 105577.     CrossRef
• Treatment of Esophageal Achalasia With Sarcopenic Dysphagia by Rehabilitation and Nutritional Support: A Case Report
  Fumiko Furukawa, Kiyohito Kakita
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Nutritional care in older adults: are we doing everything? An expert opinion review
  Elisabet Sanchez-Garcia, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Paula Ravasco, Merja Suominen, Prof Kaisu Pitkälä
  Current Medical Research and Opinion.2024; 40(9): 1563.     CrossRef
• Age and sex differences in sarcopenic dysphagia: A secondary data analysis
  Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Shingo Kakehi, Ayano Nagano, Masako Kishima, Masataka Itoda, Shinta Nishioka, Ryo Momosaki
  Journal of General and Family Medicine.2024; 25(6): 343.     CrossRef
• Triad of rehabilitation, nutrition support, and oral management improves activities of daily living and muscle health in hospitalized patients after stroke
  Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Sayuri Shimazu, Ai Shiraishi, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Fumihiko Nagano, Ayaka Matsumoto, Yoshifumi Kido, Takahiro Bise, Aomi Kuzuhara, Takenori Hamada, Kouki Yoneda
  Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.2024; 63: 837.     CrossRef
• The Prevalence and Prognosis of Cachexia in Patients with Non-Sarcopenic Dysphagia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
  Shingo Kakehi, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Takako Nagai, Shinta Nishioka, Eri Isono, Yukiko Otsuka, Junki Ninomiya, Ryo Momosaki
  Nutrients.2024; 16(17): 2917.     CrossRef

Objective
To systematically review the effects of protein supplementation in older adults with sarcopenia.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases until May 2023. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) randomized controlled trials with a quantitative study design; (2) studies with a study group of older adults with sarcopenia; (3) studies comparing muscle mass, muscle strength, and performance of older adults with sarcopenia after protein supplementation; and (4) studies published up to May 2023.
Results
Six retrospective comparative studies, including 715 patients, met the inclusion criteria. The nutritional supplementation group exhibited significant improvement in appendicular skeletal muscle mass (standardized mean difference [SMD]=0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24–0.58; p<0.001; I²=1%), while handgrip strength (SMD=0.37; 95% CI, -0.32–1.07; p=0.29; I²=94%) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (SMD=0.35; 95% CI, -0.47–1.18; p=0.40; I²=94%) showed a tendency for improvement.
Conclusion
Nutritional supplementation with protein increased appendicular muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia and improved handgrip strength and SPPB scores.

Citations

• Age-related and cancer-related sarcopenia: is there a difference?
  Federico Bozzetti
  Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care.2024; 27(5): 410.     CrossRef
• Protein‐enriched soup and weekly exercise improve muscle health: A randomized trial in mid‐to‐old age with inadequate protein intake
  Li‐Ning Peng, Ming‐Hsien Lin, Sung‐Hua Tseng, Ko‐Han Yen, Huei‐Fang Lee, Fei‐Yuan Hsiao, Liang‐Kung Chen
  Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2024; 15(4): 1348.     CrossRef
• SuperAgers and centenarians, dynamics of healthy ageing with cognitive resilience
  Md Ariful Islam, Ujala Sehar, Omme Fatema Sultana, Upasana Mukherjee, Malcolm Brownell, Sudhir Kshirsagar, P. Hemachandra Reddy
  Mechanisms of Ageing and Development.2024; 219: 111936.     CrossRef
• Consumption of protein supplements/protein-fortified foods among young adults in Jeju
  Hyoju Lee, Youjeong Jang, Sumin Kim, Kyungho Ha
  Journal of Nutrition and Health.2024; 57(2): 261.     CrossRef
• Impact of increased protein intake in older adults: a 12-week double-blind randomised controlled trial
  Janine Wirth, Annalisa Segat, Katy Horner, Domenico Crognale, Thomas Smith, Maurice O’Sullivan, Lorraine Brennan
  Age and Ageing.2024; 53(Supplement): ii13.     CrossRef
• Nutrition resilience for healthy ageing
  Claire T McEvoy, Colin D McClure
  Age and Ageing.2024; 53(Supplement): ii1.     CrossRef
• Study of whey protein on muscle mass and functional rehabilitation in postoperative total knee arthroplasty patients
  Mengshi Li, Qiongfang Shi, Xinle Che, Xingyan Du, Dongming Wang, Yufeng Song
  Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation.2024; 37(5): 1381.     CrossRef
• Functional status of the cardiovascular system in elderly patients with sarcopenia
  Iu. Samoilova, M. Matveeva, D. Podchinenova, Ya. Yakimova, L. Shuliko, V. Avkhimenko, D. Kudlay, E. Samoylov, E. Khoroshunova, A. Ragimov
  Vrach.2024; : 48.     CrossRef

Objective
To assess postural stability, specifically center of body sway during single-leg standing balance, among individuals with and without forward head posture (FHP) during smartphone use.
Methods
The research recruited 53 healthy smartphone users, aged 18–25, and categorized them into FHP group comprising 26 subjects and the normal (control) group with 27 subjects. Participants were assigned the task of maintaining balance while engaged in smartphone typing during single-leg standing. The experiment involved four specific conditions according to neck posture and stable of surface. The study meticulously quantified body center of pressure (COP) sway amplitudes using the Nintendo Wii Balance Board.
Results
The research revealed that individuals with FHP exhibited significantly greater body sway compared to the control group when using smartphones. Notably, distinct variations were observed in path length sway, anteroposterior (AP), and mediolateral (ML) sway amplitude, particularly evident when maintaining flexed neck positions on a soft surface while engaged with smartphones.
Conclusion
These findings strongly suggest that individuals with FHP encounter deteriorated postural stability during smartphone use, particularly in challenging head positions.

Citations

• Validity of a qualitative visual method for diagnosing forward head posture
  Shohei Shibasaki, Tomonori Kishino, Yoriko Sei, Keiichiro Harashima, Konomi Sakata, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Takashi Watanabe
  Musculoskeletal Science and Practice.2025; 76: 103282.     CrossRef
• Assessment of balance in overweight and obese young adults: utilizing centre of pressure displacement variables in the single leg sit-to-stand test
  Noppharath Sangkarit, Weerasak Tapanya, Patchareeya Amput, Chananya Muangchuen, Piyaporn Seeta, Worrasak Paleeta
  International Journal of Adolescence and Youth.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Evaluating fall risk in community-dwelling older adults through balance assessment with the Nintendo Wii Balance Board
  Weerasak Tapanya, Noppharath Sangkarit, Puttipong Poncumhak, Saisunee Konsanit
  Human Movement.2025; 26(1): 161.     CrossRef

Spinal cord injury (SCI) has been recognized as a medically complex and life-disrupting condition. As the aging of the population accelerates, the trend of SCI has changed. This review aimed to provide comprehensive statistics and recent epidemiological changes in SCI and rehabilitation in Korea. All three insurance databases (National Health Insurance Service [NHIS], automobile insurance [AUI], and industrial accident compensation insurance [IACI]) were considered. These nationwide databases provide data on the current trends in term of incidence, etiology, and rehabilitation of SCI. Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) was more frequent among the elderly in the NHIS compared to working age individuals in the AUI and IACI. In all three trauma-related insurance databases, male with TSCI outnumbered female. TSCI incidence per year was approximately 17 times higher among males than females, on average, in IACI. In all three insurances, the cervical level of TSCI was the most frequent. Although the ratio of SCI patients receiving rehabilitation treatment at primary and secondary hospitals increased for nine years, the increase in training on activities of daily living (ADL training) was found to be relatively small. This review provides a broader and comprehensive understanding of the incidence, etiology, and rehabilitation treatment of SCI in Korea.

Citations

• Effectiveness of a Community-Based Exercise Program for Ambulatory Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Sungchul Huh, Yuna Kim, Hyun-Yoon Ko, Mi Sook Yun, Yong Il Shin, Jung Lim Lee, Sung-Hwa Ko
  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2025; 106(4): 481.     CrossRef
• Deep Learning-Based Prediction Model for Gait Recovery after a Spinal Cord Injury
  Hyun-Joon Yoo, Kwang-Sig Lee, Bummo Koo, Chan-Woo Yong, Chae-Won Kim
  Diagnostics.2024; 14(6): 579.     CrossRef
• Traumatic spinal cord injury: A four-year study in Puerto Rico
  Manuel F. Mas, Félix Pérez, Anna Blanco, Javier Deya, Natasha L. Frontera, Marcos R. Latimer, José Quintana, José G. Conde, Walter R. Frontera
  The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
• Risk of fracture among patients with spinal cord injury: A nationwide cohort study in South Korea
  Seonghye Kim, Bongseong Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Junhee Park, Jung Eun Yoo, Hea Lim Choi, Won Hyuk Chang, In Young Cho, Dong Wook Shin
  Bone.2024; 183: 117093.     CrossRef
• Significance of physical factors on activities of daily living in patients with tetraplegia after spinal cord injury: a retrospective study
  Kimin Yun, Jin-cheol Lim, Onyoo Kim
  BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Community-Based Exercise Programs Post Spinal Cord Injury Hospitalization: A Pilot Study for a Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind Controlled Setting
  Dongheon Kang, Jiyoung Park
  Life.2024; 14(9): 1135.     CrossRef
• Trends in the Incidence and Etiology of Non-Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study From 2007 to 2020
  Yoonjeong Choi, Ja-Ho Leigh, Jooeun Jeon, Goo Joo Lee, Hyung-Ik Shin, Moon Suk Bang
  Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Risk Factors for Suicidality in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Focus on Physical and Functional Characteristics
  Sora Han, Wooyeung Kim, Onyoo Kim
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(5): 377.     CrossRef

Objective
To assess the accuracy of recently commercialized wearable devices in heart rate (HR) measurement during cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) under gradual increase in exercise intensity, while wearable devices with HR monitors are reported to be less accurate in different exercise intensities.
Methods
CPX was performed for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Twelve lead electrocardiograph (ECG) was the gold standard and Apple watch 7 (AW7), Galaxy watch 4 (GW4) and Bio Patch Mobicare 200 (MC200) were applied for comparison. Paired absolute difference (PAD), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were evaluated for each device.
Results
Forty-four participants with CAD were included. All the devices showed MAPE under 2% and ICC above 0.9 in rest, exercise and recovery phases (MC200=0.999, GW4=0.997, AW7=0.998). When comparing exercise and recovery phase, PAD of MC200 and AW7 in recovery phase were significantly bigger than PAD of exercise phase (p<0.05). Although not significant, PAD of GW4 tended to be bigger in recovery phase, too. Also, when stratified by HR 20, ICC of all the devices were highest under HR of 100, and ICC decreased as HR increased. However, except for ICC of GW4 at HR above 160 (=0.867), all ICCs exceeded 0.9 indicating excellent accuracy.
Conclusion
The HR measurement of the devices validated in this study shows a high concordance with the ECG device, so CAD patients may benefit from the devices during high-intensity exercise under conditions where HR is measured reliably.

Citations

• Prognostic Factors for Responders of Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
  Chul Kim, Hee-Eun Choi, Chin Kook Rhee, Jae Ha Lee, Ju Hyun Oh, Jun Hyeong Song
  Healthcare.2025; 13(3): 308.     CrossRef
• Wearable Devices for Exercise Prescription and Physical Activity Monitoring in Patients with Various Cardiovascular Conditions
  Tasuku Terada, Matheus Hausen, Kimberley L. Way, Carley D. O’Neill, Isabela Roque Marçal, Paul Dorian, Jennifer L. Reed
  CJC Open.2025; 7(5): 695.     CrossRef
• Apple watch accuracy in monitoring health metrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  Ju-Pil Choe, Minsoo Kang
  Physiological Measurement.2025; 46(4): 04TR01.     CrossRef
• Continuous heart rate measurements in patients with cardiac disease: Device comparison and development of a novel artefact removal procedure
  Paulien Vermunicht, Katsiaryna Makayed, Christophe Buyck, Lieselotte Knaepen, Juan Sebastian Piedrahita Giraldo, Sebastiaan Naessens, Wendy Hens, Emeline Van Craenenbroeck, Kris Laukens, Lien Desteghe, Hein Heidbuchel
  DIGITAL HEALTH.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Evaluating the Accuracy of Low-Cost Wearable Sensors for Healthcare Monitoring
  Tatiana Pereira Filgueiras, Pedro Bertemes-Filho, Fabrício Noveletto
  Micromachines.2025; 16(7): 791.     CrossRef
• Assessment of Samsung Galaxy Watch4 PPG-Based Heart Rate During Light-to-Vigorous Physical Activities
  Caíque Santos Lima, Felipe Capiteli Bertocco, José Igor Vasconcelos de Oliveira, Thiago Mattos Frota de Souza, Emely Pujólli da Silva, Fernando J. Von Zuben
  IEEE Sensors Letters.2024; 8(7): 1.     CrossRef
• The Accessibility and Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation in COVID-19 Pandemic Era
  Chul Kim, Jun Hyeong Song, Seung Hyoun Kim
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(4): 249.     CrossRef
• The eTRIMP method for bodybuilding training load assessment: A review with a case study
  Fernandes Haniel
  Annals of Musculoskeletal Medicine.2023; 7(2): 016.     CrossRef
• Recommendations for Measurement of Bodybuilding Internal Training Load by eTRIMP Method
  Fernandes Haniel
  Journal of Sports Medicine and Therapy.2023; 8(4): 051.     CrossRef

Objective
To systematically review the effect of intrathecal baclofen pump insertion in children with cerebral palsy (CP) with respect to scoliosis.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases up to June 2022. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) studies with a quantitative study design; (2) studies with a study group of children with CP; (3) studies comparing scoliosis in children with and without an intrathecal baclofen pump; and (4) studies with Cobb’s angle as a parameter.
Results
Of the 183 studies found, four studies, all of which were retrospective comparative studies, met the aforementioned inclusion criteria. All studies were homogeneous (I2=0%, p=0.53) and intrathecal baclofen pump insertion accelerated the progression of scoliosis (standard mean difference=0.27; 95% confidence interval=0.07–0.48).
Conclusion
Intrathecal baclofen pumps have been used to alleviate spasticity in children with CP, thus aiding their daily activities and movements. However, their advantages and disadvantages should be reviewed after sufficient time considering the pumps’ negative effect on the course of scoliosis.

Citations

• From childhood to adulthood: Long-term assessment of continuous intrathecal baclofen therapy in non-ambulant spastic cerebral palsy
  B.H.M. Martens, M. Iskander, D.L. Soudant, G.F. Vles, L.A. Bonouvrié, O.P.M. Teernstra, J.S.H. Vles, R.J. Vermeulen
  European Journal of Paediatric Neurology.2025; 56: 17.     CrossRef
• Pre-op considerations in neuromuscular scoliosis deformity surgery: proceedings of the half day course at the 58th annual meeting of the Scoliosis Research Society
  Michelle C. Welborn, Gregory Redding, Patrick Evers, Lindsey Nicol, David F. Bauer, Rajiv R. Iyer, Selina Poon, Steven Hwang
  Spine Deformity.2024; 12(4): 867.     CrossRef
• Cervicothoracic ventral-dorsal rhizotomy for treatment of brachial hypertonia in cerebral palsy
  Sunny Abdelmageed, Mahalia Dalmage, James M. Mossner, Robin Trierweiler, Tim Krater, Jeffrey S. Raskin
  Child's Nervous System.2024; 40(9): 2835.     CrossRef
• Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy: Pros and Cons
  Sung-Rae Cho
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(1): 1.     CrossRef

Citations

• Agreement Between the Gross Motor Ability Estimator-3 and the Reduced Gross Motor Function Measure-66 Based on Artificial Intelligence
  Stefanie Steven, Carlotta Müller, Karoline Spiess, Christiane Bossier, Eckhard Schönau, Ibrahim Duran
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(13): 4512.     CrossRef

With the increasing frequency of disasters and the significant upsurge of survivors with severe impairments and long-term disabling conditions, there is a greater focus on the importance of rehabilitation in disaster management. During disasters, rehabilitation services confront a greater load due to the influx of victims, management of persons with pre-existing disabilities and chronic conditions, and longer-term care continuum. Despite robust consensus amongst the international disaster response and management community for the rehabilitation-inclusive disaster management process, rehabilitation is still less prioritised. Evidence supports the early involvement of rehabilitation professionals in disaster response and management for minimising mortality and disability, and improving clinical outcomes and participation in disaster survivors. In the last two decades, there have been substantial developments in disaster response/management processes including the World Health Organization Emergency Medical Team (EMT) initiative, which provides a standardized structured plan to provide effective and coordinated care during disasters. However, rehabilitation-inclusive disaster management plans are yet to be developed and/or implemented in many disaster-prone countries. Strong leadership and effective action from national and international bodies are required to strengthen national rehabilitation capacity (services and skilled workforce) and empower international and local EMTs and health services for comprehensive disaster management in future calamities. This narrative review highlights the role of rehabilitation and current developments in disaster rehabilitation; challenges and key future perspectives in this area.

Citations

• Rehabilitation under fire: insights from SUMC
  Alan Friedman, Cheryl Benjamin, Iuly Treger
  The Lancet.2025; 405(10487): 1338.     CrossRef
• Interleaved Practice in Remediating Basic Arithmetic Proficiency in Grade One
  Junessa Bonite
  Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Disaster Risk Reduction and Management of the Province of Siquijor: A Basis for a Strategic Development Plan
  Enrico Zerna
  Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in Health: A Sequential Explanatory Approach
  Mary Joy Hermosura, Aaron Carlo Decendario, Leo Chiong
  Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Afet Sonrası Tıbbi Rehabilitasyon Süreci ve Küresel Gelişmeler
  Cem Zafer Yıldır
  Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2024; 19(1): 134.     CrossRef
• Development and implementation of a rehabilitation triage algorithm for disasters in the subacute phase: an experience from the 2024 Noto peninsula earthquake
  Shigehito Shiota, Naoya Orita, Yuma Tsubakita, Masaya Ichimoto, Noboru Shimada, Naoya Goto, Tomohiro Hirota, Shunsuke Taito, Kazuhiko Hirata, Yukio Mikami
  Frontiers in Disaster and Emergency Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Prosthesis applications and challenges in children with earthquake-related amputations
  Sibel Basaran, Aylin Sariyildiz, Sila Olmez, Bugra Kundakci, Omer Sunkar Bicer
  Injury.2024; 55(11): 111920.     CrossRef
• Efficacy of a Novel Recording Method in Facilitating Rapid Documentation of Disaster Rehabilitation Support Activities
  Akira Morikawa, Masao Tomioka, Ryuichi Saura
  The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 61(8): 757.     CrossRef
• Challenges in accessing health care services for women and girls with disabilities using a humanitarian physical rehabilitation program in Lebanon: a mixed method study
  Linda Abou-Abbas, Diana Sabbagh, Rodolfo Rossi, Lavanya Vijayasingham, Maria Rita Lteif, Haya Rawi, Rouba Mitri, Hala Al Sultan, Aicha Benyaich, Ahmad AL-MOSA, Claudia Truppa
  International Journal for Equity in Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Citations

• Exploring Nintendo Wii Balance Board as a tool to assess lower limb muscle strength for fall risk screening in elderly women
  Weerasak Tapanya, Noppharath Sangkarit, Patchareeya Amput
  Translational Medicine of Aging.2025; 9: 1.     CrossRef
• Sensory processing skills and school functions in school-aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a gender-based analysis
  Irem Ceyhan, Gokcen Akyurek
  Child Neuropsychology.2025; : 1.     CrossRef

Objective
To examine (1) the location of brain lesion that would predict post-traumatic delirium and (2) the association between volume of brain lesion and occurrence of delirium in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing medical records of 68 TBI patients, categorized into two groups: the delirious group (n=38) and non-delirious group (n=30). The location and volume of TBI were investigated with the 3D Slicer software.
Results
The TBI region in the delirious group mainly involved the frontal or temporal lobe (p=0.038). All 36 delirious patients had brain injury on the right side (p=0.046). The volume of hemorrhage in the delirious group was larger by about 95 mL compared to the non-delirious group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.382).
Conclusion
Patients with delirium after TBI had significantly different injury site and side, but not lesion size compared to patients without delirium.

Citations

• Clinical Utility and Performance of the Traditional Chinese Version of the 4-As Test for Delirium due to Traumatic Brain Injury
  Yun-Hsuan Lai, Chia-Jou Lin, I-Chang Su, Sheng-Wen Huang, Chia-Chi Hsiao, Ying-Ling Jao, Pin-Yuan Chen, Victoria Traynor, Chuan-Ya Lee, Ting-Jhen Chen, Mu-Hsing Ho, Hsiao-Yean Chiu
  Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry.2025; 66(2): 130.     CrossRef
• Post–Intensive Care Syndrome in Neurocritical Care Patients
  Neha S. Dangayach, Natalie Kreitzer, Brandon Foreman, Jenna Tosto-Mancuso
  Seminars in Neurology.2024; 44(03): 398.     CrossRef
• Risk factors for delirium occurring after deep brain stimulation surgery in patients with Parkinson’s disease
  Enes Ozluk, Gulsah Ozturk
  Acta Neurochirurgica.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To examine the impact of telerehabilitation training on exercise capacity, lung function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in comparison to no rehabilitation for post-COVID-19 symptoms in adult females.
Methods
A randomized controlled trial of 48 females after mild to moderate COVID-19 survival were equally and randomly assigned to one of two groups: intervention group or control group. Three sessions per week for 6 weeks of a telerehabilitation program provided via a smartphone to the intervention group. Spirometry was used to quantify lung function, a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) measured in meters to measure exercise capacity, and the Short Form Health Survey-36 was used to assess HRQOL.
Results
After treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in forced vital capacity (FVC) or forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) between groups (p>0.05), but the 6MWT of the intervention group increased significantly more than that of the control group (p=0.001). The percent of change in 6MWT for the intervention group and control group was 14.22% and 4.21%, respectively. After therapy, the intervention group’s HRQOL significantly improved when compared to the control group’s (p=0.001).
Conclusion
This study showed that a telerehabilitation programs improved exercise capacity and HRQOL in young females post-COVID-19 compared to no rehabilitation.

Citations

• Physical Therapy Outcome Measures Used in Persons With Long Covid: A Systematic Review of Interventional Studies Up to 1-Year Postglobal Health Emergency
  Andrea Lopes Sauers, Liana Johnson, Marissa Mortensen, Laura Bianca Dorásio da Silva, Luciana Angélica da Silva de Jesus, Jaime González, Cristino Oliveira
  Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal.2025; 36(2): 105.     CrossRef
• Efficacy of Telerehabilitation Protocols for Improving Functionality in Post-COVID-19 Patients
  Jose Luis Estela-Zape, Valeria Sanclemente-Cardoza, Leidy Tatiana Ordoñez-Mora
  Life.2025; 15(1): 44.     CrossRef
• Practical Recommendations for Exercise Training in Patients with Long COVID with or without Post-exertional Malaise: A Best Practice Proposal
  Rainer Gloeckl, Ralf H. Zwick, Ulrich Fürlinger, Tessa Schneeberger, Daniela Leitl, Inga Jarosch, Uta Behrends, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Andreas Rembert Koczulla
  Sports Medicine - Open.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of telerehabilitation in patients with post-COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
  Jiang Yang, Huiru Li, Hulei Zhao, Yang Xie, Jiansheng Li, Minghang Wang
  BMJ Open.2024; 14(7): e074325.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of telerehabilitation versus face-to-face pulmonary rehabilitation on physical function and quality of life in people with post COVID-19 condition: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
  Oliver MARTÍNEZ-POZAS, Camilo CORBELLINI, Juan N. CUENCA-ZALDÍVAR, Érika MELÉNDEZ-OLIVA, Pierluigi SINATTI, Eleuterio A. SÁNCHEZ ROMERO
  European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation emphasizes locomotion. Robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) is widely used in clinical settings because of its benefits; however, its efficacy remains controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of RAGT in patients with SCI. We searched international and domestic databases for articles published until April 18, 2024. The meta-analysis employed a random effects model to determine the effect size as either mean difference (MD) or standardized MD (SMD). Evidence quality was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Twenty-three studies with a total of 690 participants were included in the final analysis. The overall pooled effect size for improvement in activities of daily living was 0.24, with SMD (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.04–0.43; GRADE: high) favoring RAGT over conventional rehabilitation. Muscular strength (MD, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.02–0.44; GRADE: high), walking index for SCI (MD, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.07–0.55; GRADE: moderate) and 6 min walk test distance (MD, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.14–0.63; GRADE: moderate) showed significant improvement in the robot group. Subgroup analysis revealed that subacute patients and intervention periods >2 months were more effective. This meta-analysis revealed that RAGT significantly improved activities of daily living, muscular strength, and walking abilities. Additional studies are needed to identify the optimal treatment protocol and specific patient groups for which the protocol is most effective.

Citations

• Effects of Unpredictable Perturbation Training on a Split-Belt Treadmill on Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Kap-Soo Han, Myoung-Hwan Ko
  Geriatrics.2025; 10(1): 23.     CrossRef
• Advances and New Therapies in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
  Antonio Montoto-Marqués, Jesús Benito-Penalva, María Elena Ferreiro-Velasco, Mark Andrew Wright, Sebastian Salvador-De la Barrera, Hatice Kumru, Nelson Gaitán-Pérez, Agustin Hernández-Navarro, Antonio Rodríguez-Sotillo, Fernando Martins Braga, Angela Pale
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(7): 2203.     CrossRef
• Factors influencing on functional independence outcomes after hospitalization and rehabilitation in children with spinal cord injury
  Hong-Bo Zhao, Xiang-Jiang Rong, Qi Zhang, Ting-Ting Ma, He Yan, Tian-Tian Zhou, Yan-Qing Zhang
  BMC Pediatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Electromechanical-assisted training for walking after stroke
  Jan Mehrholz, Joachim Kugler, Marcus Pohl, Bernhard Elsner
  Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Comparing Virtual Reality and Robotic Training Effects on Balance Ability and Confidence in Older Adults
  Oluwasola Okhuoya, Lara A. Thompson
  Applied Sciences.2025; 15(11): 5909.     CrossRef

Objective
To assess the relationships between phase angle and muscle mass, strength, and physical function in patients with heart failure.
Methods
This study used a cross-sectional design. The analysis included 51 patients with heart failure. The Short Physical Performance Battery, one-leg standing time, handgrip strength, phase angle, and skeletal muscle index were measured. To identify explanatory variables of phase angle, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed.
Results
Handgrip strength was found to be an explanatory variable of phase angle independent of age, sex, and body mass index. This model was able to explain 30.4% of the model variance for phase angle.
Conclusion
In patients with heart failure, improving muscle strength rather than muscle mass or physical function might be more important for improving phase angle. Handgrip strength is an important outcome for improving prognosis in patients with heart failure.

Citations

• Phase Angle and Impedance Ratio as Indicators of Physical Function and Fear of Falling in Older Adult Women: Cross-Sectional Analysis
  Danielle A Sterner, Jeffrey R Stout, Kworweinski Lafontant, Joon-Hyuk Park, David H Fukuda, Ladda Thiamwong
  JMIR Aging.2024; 7: e53975.     CrossRef
• Prevalence and clinical characteristics of Sarcopenia in older adult patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional and follow-up study
  Sang Hun Kim, Cho Hui Hong, Myung-Jun Shin, Ki Uk Kim, Tae Sung Park, Jun Yong Park, Yong Beom Shin
  BMC Pulmonary Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Malnutrition in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Insights from Morphofunctional Assessment and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria
  María Teresa Zarco-Martín, Carmen Freire, María Carmen Andreo-López, Socorro Leyva-Martínez, María Luisa Fernández-Soto
  Nutrients.2024; 16(16): 2625.     CrossRef

Objective
To explore the effects of tactile stimulation using air pressure at the auricular branch of the vagus nerve on autonomic activity in healthy individuals.
Methods
Three types of tactile stimulation were used in this study: continuous low-amplitude, continuous high-amplitude, and pulsed airflow. The tactile stimulations were provided to the cymba concha to investigate autonomic activity in 22 healthy participants. The mean heart rate (HR) and parameters of HR variability, including the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive R-R interval differences (RMSSD) were compared at baseline, stimulation, and recovery periods.
Results
Two-way repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant main effect of time on HR (p=0.001), SDNN (p=0.003), and RMSSD (p<0.001). These parameters showed significant differences between baseline and stimulation periods and baseline and recovery periods in the post-hoc analyses. There were no significant differences in the changes induced by stimulation type and the interaction between time and stimulation type for all parameters. One-way repeated measures ANOVA showed that HR, SDNN, and RMSSD did not differ significantly among the three time periods during sham stimulation.
Conclusion
Parasympathetic activity can be enhanced by auricular tactile stimulation using air pressure, targeting the cymba concha. Further studies are warranted to investigate the optimal stimulation parameters for potential clinical significance.

Citations

• Stroking Stimuli to the Ear to Enhance Pleasant and Non-arousing Feelings while Listening to Sounds
  Yuta GOTO, Shogo OKAMOTO
  International Journal of Affective Engineering.2024; 23(3): 251.     CrossRef
• Relaxation Effects of Auricular Vibration Stimuli Synchronized with Music
  Yuta GOTO, Shogo OKAMOTO
  International Symposium on Affective Science and Engineering.2024; ISASE2024: 1.     CrossRef
• Effects of tactile auricular vagus nerve stimulation using heated and humidified airflow on cardiac autonomic activity: a pilot experimental study
  Soohyun Wi, Sungwoo Park, Byung-Mo Oh, Han Gil Seo, Yae Lim Lee, Woo Hyung Lee
  Clinical Autonomic Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

The survival rate of children admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after birth is on the increase; hence, proper evaluation and care of their neurodevelopment has become an important issue. Neurodevelopmental assessments of individual domains regarding motor, language, cognition, and sensory perception are crucial in planning prompt interventions for neonates requiring immediate support and rehabilitation treatment. These assessments are essential for identifying areas of weakness and designing targeted interventions to improve future functional outcomes and the quality of lives for both the infants and their families. However, initial stratification of risk to select those who are in danger of neurodevelopmental disorders is also important in terms of cost-effectiveness. Efficient and robust functional evaluations to recognize early signs of developmental disorders will help NICU graduates receive interventions and enhance functional capabilities if needed. Several age-dependent, domain-specific neurodevelopmental assessment tools are available; therefore, this review summarizes the characteristics of these tools and aims to develop multidimensional, standardized, and regular follow-up plans for NICU graduates in Korea.

Citations

• Recurrent peripheral intravenous catheterization in neonates: A case series
  Stephanie Hall, Emily Larsen, Linda Cobbald, Nicole Marsh, Linda McLaughlin, Mari Takashima, Robert S. Ware, Amanda Ulman, Deanne August
  Nursing in Critical Care.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Evaluating Non-Invasive Computer Vision-Based Quantification of Neonatal Movement as a Marker of Development in Preterm Infants: A Pilot Study
  Janet Pigueiras-del-Real, Lionel C. Gontard, Isabel Benavente-Fernández, Syed Taimoor Hussain, Syed Adil Hussain, Simón P. Lubián-López, Angel Ruiz-Zafra
  Healthcare.2025; 13(13): 1577.     CrossRef
• Improvement in functional motor scores in patients with non-ambulatory spinal muscle atrophy during Nusinersen treatment in South Korea: a single center study
  Jin A. Yoon, Yuju Jeong, Jiae Lee, Dong Jun Lee, Kyung Nam Lee, Yong Beom Shin
  BMC Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• NICU Graduates and Psychosocial Problems in Childhood: A Systematic Review
  Ravi Gajula, Veerabadram Yeshala, Nagalakshmi Gogikar, Rakesh Kotha
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Performance of Activities of Daily Living in Typically Developing Children in Korea: Normative Value of K-MBI
  Mi-Jeong Yoon, Sungwoo Paek, Jongbin Lee, Youngdeok Hwang, Joon-Sung Kim, Yeun-Jie Yoo, Bo Young Hong
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(4): 281.     CrossRef
• Modern approaches to assessing motor development in infants and young children in clinical practice
  Natalia V. Andrushchenko, Alexander B. Palchik, Marina V. Osipova
  Russian Family Doctor.2024; 28(4): 24.     CrossRef

Citations

• Efficacy, Indications, and Safety of Intrathecal Baclofen Pump: A Narrative Review
  Alan D. Kaye, Se Yun Cheon, Morgan H. Roque, Caroline Gibbs, Karlee R. Mott, Alex M. Wandler, Syeda T. Munir, Junyu Lin, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Harish Siddaiah, Sarah H. Myers, Kristin Nicole Bembenick, Sahar Shekoohi
  Current Pain and Headache Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Efficacy and Immunological Impact of Intrathecal Baclofen Pumps in Managing Spasticity in Multiple Sclerosis in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review
  Billy McBenedict, Wilhelmina Hauwanga, Anna Pogodina, Jeshua Nathaniel Devan, Kang Suen Goh, Ryan Chun Chien Yau, Berley Alphonse, Lorena Adolphsson, Bruno Lima Pessôa
  Sclerosis.2025; 3(1): 2.     CrossRef
• The Complex Role of Botulinum Toxin in Enhancing Goal Achievement for Post-Stroke Patients
  Miruna Ioana Săndulescu, Delia Cinteză, Daniela Poenaru, Claudia-Gabriela Potcovaru, Horia Păunescu, Oana Andreia Coman
  Toxins.2024; 16(4): 172.     CrossRef
• Intrathecal baclofen efficacy for managing motor function and spasticity severity in patients with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  Mahdi Masrour, Amir Zare, Ana Presedo, Mohammad Hossein Nabian
  BMC Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Advances in Intrathecal Nanoparticle Delivery: Targeting the Blood–Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier for Enhanced CNS Drug Delivery
  Ahmad Khalid Madadi, Moon-Jun Sohn
  Pharmaceuticals.2024; 17(8): 1070.     CrossRef
• Intrathecal Baclofen Infusion Pump for the Treatment of Painful Spastic Hemiplegia: A Case Report
  Juan J Medina-Pérez, Andrés Vega-Rosas, Rubén A Martínez-Espinosa, Daniel Chávez-González, Silvia G Coubert-Pelayo
  Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

To evaluate the efficacy of physical therapy (PT) to alleviate symptomatic thoracic radiculopathy (TR) without the use of invasive procedures. Database search was conducted by an experienced medical librarian from inception until January 27, 2023, in EBSCO CINAHL with Full Text, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection. Inclusion criteria included studies that involved adult patients (age≥18) who had a magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed TR and underwent a structured, supervised PT program of any length. All types of studies were included. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Study Quality of Assessment Tool. Certainty in evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A meta-analysis was not performed. A total of 1,491 studies were screened and 7 studies met inclusion criteria, 5 case studies and 2 cohort studies. All studies showed improvement or resolution of the TR with PT. Quantitative improvements were not noted in most studies and PT regimens were sparsely described. Overall quality assessment demonstrated 3 studies had “good,” 1 “fair,” and 3 “poor” quality evidence. Certainty of evidence was “low” due to risk of bias. A dedicated PT program may help to alleviate symptomatic TR; however due to limited evidence, risk of bias, and low certainty in evidence, the data is too weak to support a definite conclusion.

Objective
To investigate the effect of 6 weeks of home-based boxing training on trunk performance, balance, fear of falling, and level of therapy enjoyment in individuals with chronic stroke.
Methods
Eighteen participants with chronic stroke were randomly divided into boxing and control groups (9 patients per group). The boxing group received home-based boxing training for 25 minutes plus balance and trunk exercise training for 15 minutes, while the control group received only home-based balance and trunk exercise training for 40 minutes, three days a week for 6 weeks. The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest), Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) were assessed at baseline, and at 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-training. The Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann–Whitney U-test were used to determine differences between pre- and post-training within and between groups. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results
The TIS scores significantly increased from 13 to 17 points in the boxing group (p<0.05) compared to an increase from 15 to 17 points in the control group (p<0.05). The Mini-BESTest scores significantly increased from 14 to 22 points in the boxing group (p<0.05) compared to an increase from 17 to 20 points in the control group (p<0.05). There were no differences in the TIS, Mini-BESTest, ABC, and PACES scores between the two groups.
Conclusion
Home-based boxing training with balance and trunk exercise training had a similar training effect compared to home-based balance and trunk exercise training.

Citations

• Therapeutic Intervention for Trunk Control Impairments in Central Nervous System Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Methods and Efficacy
  Hiroaki Yamashita, Tatsuya Yamaoka, Ryota Shimomura, Sachimori Ichimura, Yuuki Murata, Akihiro Itoh, Tatsuya Mima, Satoko Koganemaru
  Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine.2025; 10: n/a.     CrossRef
• Effects of Taekwondo intervention on balance ability: A meta-analysis and systematic review
  Zhengfa Han, Hanyu Ju, Artur Kruszewski
  PLOS ONE.2025; 20(2): e0317844.     CrossRef
• Interactive Cognitive Motor Training: A Promising Approach for Sustainable Improvement of Balance in Older Adults
  Longhai Zhang, Jiawei Guo, Jing Zhang, Ling Zhang, Yanbing Li, Shutong Yang, Wenfei Zhu, Fei Guo
  Sustainability.2023; 15(18): 13407.     CrossRef

Objective
To define the effect of the inspiratory method and cough timing on peak cough flow (PCF).
Methods
We investigated the effect of measurement conditions on PCF in healthy subjects (n=10). We then compared obstructive and restrictive pulmonary diseases (n=20) to assess for similar results in respiratory diseases. The PCF was measured under four conditions: before coughing, without maneuver 1 or with maneuver 2 a temporary respiratory pause (4–6 seconds) after rapid inspiration, and without maneuver 3 or with maneuver 4 a temporary respiratory pause after slow inspiration. After the measurements were completed, the PCF between the four conditions was compared for each subject group, and the effect size was calculated.
Results
PCF of maneuvers 1 and 3 were significantly higher than maneuver 4 in healthy subjects (476.34±102.05 L/min and 463.44±107.14 L/min vs. 429.54±116.83 L/min, p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) and patients with restrictive pulmonary disease (381.96±145.31 L/min, 354.60±157.36 L/min vs. 296.94±137.49 L/min, p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). In obstructive pulmonary disease, maneuver 1 was significantly higher than maneuver 4 (327.42±154.73 L/min vs. 279.48±141.10 L/min, p<0.05). The largest effect sizes were shown by maneuvers 4 and 1.
Conclusion
PCF depends on changes in inspiratory speed before coughing and on temporary respiratory pauses after maximal inspiration. It will become necessary to unify the measurement methods for coughing strength and present appropriate coughing methods.

Citations

• Factors related to pre-operative cough strength in cardiac surgical patients: a cross-sectional study
  Yan Zhang, Zheng Lin, Yuhong Chen, Liang Hong, Xiao Shen
  Heart & Lung.2024; 63: 128.     CrossRef

Objective
To evaluate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, diaphragm thickness (DT), and indices of sarcopenia.
Methods
This study included 45 healthy elderly volunteers (21 male and 24 female) aged 65 years or older. Sarcopenia indices, including hand grip strength (HGS) and body mass index-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM/BMI), were measured using a hand grip dynamometer and bioimpedance analysis, respectively. Calf circumference (CC) and gait speed were also measured. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were obtained using a spirometer, as a measure of respiratory muscle strength. DT was evaluated through ultrasonography. The association between indices of sarcopenia, respiratory muscle strength, and DT was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation test, and univariate and multiple regression analysis.
Results
ASM/BMI (r=0.609, p<0.01), CC (r=0.499, p<0.01), HGS (r=0.759, p<0.01), and gait speed (r=0.319, p<0.05) were significantly correlated with DT. In the univariate linear regression analysis, MIP was significantly associated with age (p=0.003), DT (p<0.001), HGS (p=0.002), CC (p=0.013), and gait speed (p=0.026). MEP was significantly associated with sex (p=0.001), BMI (p=0.033), ASM/BMI (p=0.003), DT (p<0.001), HGS (p<0.001), CC (p=0.001) and gait speed (p=0.004). In the multiple linear regression analysis, age (p=0.001), DT (p<0.001), and ASM/BMI (p=0.008) showed significant association with MIP. DT (p<0.001) and gait speed (p=0.050) were associated with MEP.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that respiratory muscle strength is associated with DT and indices of sarcopenia. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.

Citations

• The Role of Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Identifying Sarcopenia in COPD Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Nur Aleyna Yetkin, Sibel Akın, Derya Kocaslan, Burcu Baran, Bilal Rabahoglu, Fatma Sema Oymak, Nuri Tutar, İnci Gulmez
  International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2025; Volume 20: 1.     CrossRef
• Relationship Between Diaphragm Function and Sarcopenia Assessed by Ultrasound: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Takahiro Shinohara, Toru Yamada, Shuji Ouchi, Suguru Mabuchi, Ryoichi Hanazawa, Kazuharu Nakagawa, Kanako Yoshimi, Tatsuya Mayama, Ayane Horike, Kenji Toyoshima, Yoshiaki Tamura, Atsushi Araki, Haruka Tohara, Akihiro Hirakawa, Takuma Kimura, Takeshi Ishid
  Diagnostics.2025; 15(1): 90.     CrossRef
• Descriptive Epidemiology and Prognostic Significance of Diaphragm Thickness in the General Population: The Nagahama Study
  Yasuharu Tabara, Takeshi Matsumoto, Kimihiko Murase, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Kazuya Setoh, Tomoko Wakamura, Toyohiro Hirai, Kazuo Chin, Fumihiko Matsuda
  Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Diaphragm thickness and ICU admission risk in elderly COVID-19 patients: a CT-based analysis
  Mercan Tastemur, Cagla Ozdemir, Esin Olcucuoğlu, Gunes Arik, Ihsan Ates, Kamile Silay
  BMC Pulmonary Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Relationship Between Handgrip Strength and Lung Function in Adults: The Role of Sex and Age
  Shiqi Deng, Urme Binte Sayeed, Yukiko Wagatsuma
  Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of simultaneous aerobic and inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm function, respiratory muscle strength, endurance, and fatigue index: randomized-controlled trial
  Zeliha Çelik, Nevin A. Güzel, Seriyye Allahverdiyeva, Halit Nahit Şendur, Mahi Nur Cerit
  European Journal of Applied Physiology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Association between diaphragm excursion and whole-body muscle mass in older adults: an observational study
  Shuji Ouchi, Toru Yamada, Takahiro Shinohara, Suguru Mabuchi, Kazuharu Nakagawa, Kanako Yoshimi, Ayane Horike, Tatsuya Mayama, Kenji Toyoshima, Yoshiaki Tamura, Atsushi Araki, Ryoichi Hanazawa, Akihiro Hirakawa, Hiroyuki Ichige, Takeshi Ishida, Takuma Kim
  Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Definition, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory sarcopenia
  Shinjiro Miyazaki, Akira Tamaki, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Hidenori Arai
  Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care.2024; 27(3): 210.     CrossRef
• Diaphragm Ultrasound in Different Clinical Scenarios: A Review with a Focus on Older Patients
  Carmine Siniscalchi, Antonio Nouvenne, Nicoletta Cerundolo, Tiziana Meschi, Andrea Ticinesi
  Geriatrics.2024; 9(3): 70.     CrossRef
• Appropriate body position and site for diaphragm ultrasound: Comparison with inspiratory mouth pressure
  Kazunori Okada, Akiko Kamiya, Yusuke Yanagi, Masahiro Nakabachi, Yasuhiro Hayashi, Michito Murayama, Sanae Kaga
  WFUMB Ultrasound Open.2024; 2(2): 100052.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of the Functional Reserve and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with CHF in Clinical Trials (Consent Document of the Editorial board of the Journal of Cardiology, the Board of the Society of Specialists in Heart Failure (SSHF) and Working Group “N
  Yu. L. Begrambekova, G. P. Arutynov, M. G. Glezer, N. A. Karanadze, E. A. Kolesnikova, T. A. Lelyavina, A. S. Lishuta, Ya. A. Orlova, Yu. N. Belenkov
  Kardiologiia.2024; 64(7): 4.     CrossRef
• Validating respiratory sarcopenia diagnostic criteria by mortality based on a position paper by four professional organizations: Insights from the Otassha study
  Takeshi Kera, Hisashi Kawai, Manami Ejiri, Keigo Imamura, Hirohiko Hirano, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Shuichi Obuchi
  Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2024; 24(9): 948.     CrossRef
• Evaluating Respiratory Muscle Strength in Sarcopenia Screening among Older Men in South Korea: A Retrospective Analysis
  Tae Sung Park, Sa-Eun Park, Ki-Hun Kim, Sang Hun Kim, Myung Hun Jang, Myung-Jun Shin, Yun Kyung Jeon
  The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(4): 890.     CrossRef
• Tongue pressure, respiratory muscle and limb strength and functional exercise capacity in oesophageal cancer
  Takuya Fukushima, Makoto Yamasaki, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Yasuaki Arima, Takashi Harino, Soshi Hori, Yuki Hashimoto, Masaya Kotsuka, Kentaro Inoue, Kimitaka Hase, Jiro Nakano
  BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care.2024; 14(4): 434.     CrossRef

Post-stroke spastic movement disorder (PS-SMD) develops in up to 40% of stroke survivors after a first ever stroke within the first year. Chronic PS-SMD is often associated with severe disabilities and complications, emphasizing the importance of its early recognition and early adequate management. Extensive research has aimed to accurately predict and sensitively detect a PS-SMD. Symptomatic therapies include conventional rehabilitation and local intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A). The latter is widely used, but primarily in the chronic phase of stroke. However, recent studies have shown the safety and efficacy of BoNT-A therapy even in the acute phase and early sub-acute phase after stroke, i.e., within three months post-stroke, leading to an improved long-term outcome in stroke rehabilitation. Local BoNT-A injections evolve as the primary approach in focal, multifocal, and segmental chronic or acute/subacute PS-SMD. Patients at high risk for or manifest PS-SMD should be identified by an early spasticity risk assessment. By doing so, PS-SMD can be integral part of the patient-centered goal-setting process of a multiprofessional spasticity-experienced team. The benefit of an early PS-SMD treatment by BoNT-A should predominate putative degenerative muscle changes due to long-term BoNT-A therapy by far. This, as early treatment effectively avoids complications typically associated with a PS-SMD, i.e., contractures, pain, skin lesions. The management of PS-SMD requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. Early assessment, patient-centered goal setting, early intervention, and early use of BoNT-A therapy prevents from PS-SMD complications and may improve rehabilitation outcome after stroke.

Citations

• How many stroke survivors develop problematic spasticity requiring pharmacological therapy? An international (Europe and USA) observational study protocol
  Richard D Zorowitz, Laura Serrano Barrenechea, Simon Butet, Sergiu Groppa, David Hernández Herrero, Rama Prasad, Susan Sandars, Seema Meloni, Simon Page, Pascal Maisonobe, Alessandro Picelli
  BMJ Open.2025; 15(1): e087404.     CrossRef
• The Role of Botulinum Toxin Type-A in Spasticity: Research Trends from a Bibliometric Analysis
  Salvatore Facciorusso, Stefania Spina, Alessandro Picelli, Alessio Baricich, Gerard E. Francisco, Franco Molteni, Jörg Wissel, Andrea Santamato
  Toxins.2024; 16(4): 184.     CrossRef
• Botulinum Toxin in Treatments for Abnormal Movements
  María Gabriela González Chico, Xaviera Elizabeth Medina Godoy, Miliana Esperanza Estupiñan Bazurto, María José López Becerra
  Más Vita.2024; 6(2): 82.     CrossRef
• Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNT-A) Use for Post-Stroke Spasticity: A Multicenter Study Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning
  María Jesús Antón, Montserrat Molina, José Gabriel Pérez, Santiago Pina, Noemí Tapiador, Beatriz De La Calle, Mónica Martínez, Paula Ortega, María Belén Ruspaggiari, Consuelo Tudela, Marta Conejo, Pedro Leno, Marta López, Carmen Marhuenda, Carlos Arias-Ca
  Toxins.2024; 16(8): 340.     CrossRef
• Risk factors for post-stroke spasticity: a retrospective study
  Chuanxi Zhu, Lingxu Li, Long Qiu, Guangcheng Ji
  Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Early is Better, Then, How Early and How to Apply: Practical Approach of Botulinum Toxin Injection
  Joon-Ho Shin
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(6): 439.     CrossRef

Objective
To systematically review the efficacy of e-Health interventions on physical performance, activity and quality of life in older adults with sarcopenia or frailty.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted by searching the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, Web of Science, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database for experimental studies published in English from 1990 to 2021. E-Health studies investigating physical activity, physical performance, quality of life, and activity of daily living assessment in adults aged ≥65 years with sarcopenia or frailty were selected.
Results
Among the 3,164 identified articles screened, a total of 4 studies complied with the inclusion criteria. The studies were heterogeneous by participant characteristics, type of e-Health intervention, and outcome measurement. Age criteria for participant selection and sex distribution were different between studies. Each study used different criteria for frailty, and no study used sarcopenia as a selection criteria. E-Health interventions were various across studies. Two studies used frailty status as an outcome measure and showed conflicting results. Muscle strength was assessed in 2 studies, and meta-analysis showed statistically significant improvement after intervention (standardized mean difference, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.07–0.94; p=0.80, I²=0%).
Conclusion
This systematic review found insufficient evidence to support the efficacy of e-Health interventions. Nevertheless, the studies included in this review showed positive effects of e-Health interventions on improving muscle strength, physical activity, and quality of life in older adults with frailty.

Citations

• Frail Older Adults' Needs and Preferences for Mobile Health Exercise Interventions Guided by Nudge Theory: AQualitative Analysis
  Ruotong Peng, Zeng Cao, Shaolong Hu, Xinzhou Liu, Yongzhen Guo, Xiaoyang Li, Chi Zhang, Hui Feng
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2025; 34(5): 1830.     CrossRef
• A multidisciplinary telemedicine approach for managing frailty in Parkinson's disease. A longitudinal, case-control study
  Álvaro García-Bustillo, José Miguel Ramírez-Sanz, José Luis Garrido-Labrador, Alicia Olivares-Gil, Florita Valiñas-Sieiro, Marta Allende-Río, Josefa González-Santos, Jerónimo Javier González-Bernal, Maha Jahouh, Sara Calvo-Simal, Lucía Simón-Vicente, Nati
  Parkinsonism & Related Disorders.2025; 130: 107215.     CrossRef
• Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR)
  Mikel Izquierdo, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Hidenori Arai, Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari, Eduardo L. Cadore, Matteo Cesari, Liang-Kung Chen, Paul M. Coen, Kerry S. Courneya, Gustavo Duque, Luigi Ferrucci, Roger A. Fielding, Antonio García-Hermoso, Luis Miguel
  The Journal of nutrition, health and aging.2025; 29(1): 100401.     CrossRef
• What are end-users’ needs and preferences for a comprehensive e-health program for type 2 diabetes? – A qualitative user preference study
  Tina Rishaug, Anne-Marie Aas, André Henriksen, Gunnar Hartvigsen, Kåre Inge Birkeland, Eirik Årsand, Ai Theng Cheong,
  PLOS ONE.2025; 20(3): e0318876.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Depression and Leisure Activities on E-Health Literacy Among Older Adults: A Cross-Cultural Study in the EU and Japan
  Kumi Morishita-Suzuki, Toshimi Ogawa, Roberta Bevilacqua, Sebastien Dacunha, Vera Stara, Johanna Möller, Cecilia Palmier, Asako Ohara, Ai Abe, Denilson Brilliant T., Maribel Pino, Rainer Wieching, Elvira Maranesi, Anne-Sophie Rigaud, Shuichiro Watanabe, V
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2025; 22(3): 403.     CrossRef
• Evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for preventing or reversing physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults aged over 50 years: overview of systematic reviews
  Annemarie Money, Aylish MacKenzie, Amelia Parchment, Gill Norman, Danielle Harris, Saima Ahmed, Lisa McGarrigle, Helen Hawley-Hague, Chris Todd
  BMC Geriatrics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Digital health interventions for non-older individuals at risk of frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Momoko Tohyama, Ryo Momosaki, Yuka Shirai, Kenta Ushida, Yuki Kato, Miho Shimizu, Issei Kameda, Yuya Sakurai, Asuka Hori, Masatsugu Okamura, Takahiro Tsuge, Hiroki Sato, Yuki Nakashima, Kaori Endo, Shota Hayashi, Norio Yamamoto, Daisuke Matsumoto, Kenichi
  DIGITAL HEALTH.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Strategies to Optimize Recovery in Frail Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Through Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation
  Kyuwan Lee
  Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2025; 14(2): 159.     CrossRef
• Evaluating effectiveness and implementation of digital health interventions for older adults with cognitive frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Yanyan Li, Meijun Liu, Jieru Yang, Qinqin Liu, Wendie Zhou, Jiaqi Yu, Xue Wang, Cuili Wang
  Ageing Research Reviews.2025; 111: 102819.     CrossRef
• Current and Future Challenges for Rehabilitation for Inflammatory Arthritis
  Rikke Helene Moe, Thea P. M. Vliet Vlieland
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(6): 1808.     CrossRef
• A Real-Time Web-Based Intervention with a Multicomponent Group-Based Program for Older Adults: Single-Arm Feasibility Study
  Tsubasa Nakada, Kayo Kurotani, Takako Kozawa, Satoshi Seino, Shinichi Murota, Miki Eto, Junko Shimasawa, Yumiko Shimizu, Shinobu Tsurugano, Fuminori Katsukawa, Kazunori Sakamoto, Hironori Washizaki, Yo Ishigaki, Maki Sakamoto, Keiki Takadama, Keiji Yanai,
  Healthcare.2024; 12(23): 2365.     CrossRef

Objective
To evaluate the feasibility and usability of cost-effective complex upper and lower limb robot-assisted gait training in patients with stroke using the GTR-A, a foot-plate based end-effector type robotic device.
Methods
Patients with subacute stroke (n=9) were included in this study. The enrolled patients received 30-minute robot-assisted gait training thrice a week for 2 weeks (6 sessions). The hand grip strength, functional ambulation categories, modified Barthel index, muscle strength test sum score, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, and Short Physical Performance Battery were used as functional assessments. The heart rate was measured to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate the usability of robot-assisted gait training. All the parameters were evaluated before and after the robot-assisted gait training program.
Results
Eight patients completed robot-assisted gait training, and all parameters of functional assessment significantly improved between baseline and posttraining, except for hand grip strength and muscle strength test score. The mean scores for each domain of the questionnaire were as follows: safety, 4.40±0.35; effects, 4.23±0.31; efficiency, 4.22±0.77; and satisfaction, 4.41±0.25.
Conclusion
Thus, the GTR-A is a feasible and safe robotic device for patients with gait impairment after stroke, resulting in improvement of ambulatory function and performance of activities of daily living with endurance training. Further research including various diseases and larger sample groups is necessary to verify the utility of this device.

Citations

• Changes in body composition, physical fitness and quality of life on robotic gait assisted training in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome: a case report
  Moon Jin Lee, Sung Jin Yoon
  Physical Activity and Nutrition.2024; 28(4): 009.     CrossRef
• Smart Devices for Health and Wellness Applied to Tele-Exercise: An Overview of New Trends and Technologies Such as IoT and AI
  Antonio Fabbrizio, Alberto Fucarino, Manuela Cantoia, Andrea De Giorgio, Nuno D. Garrido, Enzo Iuliano, Victor Machado Reis, Martina Sausa, José Vilaça-Alves, Giovanna Zimatore, Carlo Baldari, Filippo Macaluso
  Healthcare.2023; 11(12): 1805.     CrossRef

Objective
To examine the usefulness and feasibility of modified thread carpal tunnel release (TCTR) by comparing the results of using pre-existing commercial thread with those of a newly developed thread (Smartwire-01).
Methods
A total of 17 cadaveric wrists were used in the study. The modified TCTR method was practiced by two different experts. Pre-existing commercial surgical dissecting thread (Loop&Shear^TM) was used for five wrists and the newly developed Smartwire-01 was used for twelve wrists. The gross and microanatomy of the specimens were evaluated by a blinded anatomist.
Results
Both types of thread were able to cut the TCL similarly. Gross anatomy and histologic findings showed that there was no significant difference between the two types of threads. However, the practitioners felt that it was easier to cut the TCL using the newly-developed thread.
Conclusion
TCTR using Smartwire-01 was as effective as pre-existing Loop&Shear^TM, with better user experiences.

Citations

• Ultrasound-Guided Modified Thread Carpal Tunnel Release for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Pilot Study
  Jaewon Kim, Jae Min Kim, Hae-Yeon Park, In Jong Kim
  Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound.2025; 46(01): 57.     CrossRef
• A cadaveric study of ultrasound guided nonincisional trigger finger release with newly developed threads
  Kyung Eun Nam, In Jong Kim, Hae-Yeon Park, Sang Hyun Kim, U-Young Lee, Jae Min Kim
  Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Long-Term Outcomes of Ultrasound-Guided Thread Carpal Tunnel Release and Its Clinical Effectiveness in Severe Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study
  In Jong Kim, Jae Min Kim
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(1): 262.     CrossRef

Objective
To show the effectiveness of goal-oriented proprioceptive training in subacute stroke for balance, autonomy, and fall risk.
Methods
Out a total of 35 patients, consistent in age (75.31±8.65 years), type of stroke (ischemic, 3 to 11 weeks before), and motor impairment, 18 patients underwent solely proprioceptive rehabilitation, the other 17 dual task exercises. The study assessed autonomy using Barthel Index, fall risk with Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), balance through Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Tinetti test.
Results
After two months, significant improvements were recorded in Barthel Index, BBS (p<0.0001), Tinetti test (p<0.0001 in dual task group, p=0.0029 in single task group), and TUG (p=0.0052 in dual task group, p=0.0020 in single task group) in both groups. Comparing the two groups, dual task group showed a significant difference in Tinetti balance assessment (p=0.0052), between the total score of Tinetti test and TUG in single (p=0.0271), and dual task (p=0.0235). Likewise, Tinetti gait test was significantly related to TUG in single (p=0.0536), and dual task (p=0.0466), while Tinetti balance test to Barthel Index (p=0.0394), BBS (p<0.0001), and TUG in single (p=0.0219), and dual task (p=0.0196). Lastly, there is a positive correlation of the use of aids with BBS (p=0.0074), and total score of Tinetti test (p=0.0160).
Conclusion
In subacute stroke, goal-oriented proprioceptive training improved balance, but only partially autonomy. Furthermore, the use of aids after dual-task exercises improved recovery of balance, but did not reduced falls.

Citations

• Validez convergente de la escala Tinetti en pacientes con ictus en fase subaguda
  Adrián Arranz–Escudero, Patricia Martín–Casas, Ester Carpio–Calatayud, Ibai López–de–Uralde–Villanueva
  Revista Científica de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Neurológica.2025; 62: 500168.     CrossRef
• A scoping review on the body awareness rehabilitation after stroke: are we aware of what we are unaware?
  Davide Cardile, Viviana Lo Buono, Francesco Corallo, Angelo Quartarone, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
  Frontiers in Neurology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Dual tasking as a predictor of falls in post-stroke: A cross-sectional analysis comparing Walking While Talking versus Stops Walking While Talking
  Disha Lamba, Abraham M. Joshua, Vijaya kumar K, Akshatha Nayak, Prasanna Mithra, Rohit Pai, Shivananda Pai, Shyam Krishnan K., Vijayakumar Palaniswamy
  F1000Research.2025; 13: 1395.     CrossRef
• Effects of Unpredictable Perturbation Training on a Split-Belt Treadmill on Physical Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Kap-Soo Han, Myoung-Hwan Ko
  Geriatrics.2025; 10(1): 23.     CrossRef
• AdaptRehab VR: Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality System for Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation Designed for Low- and Middle-Income Countries Using a Participatory Co-Creation Approach
  Chala Diriba Kenea, Teklu Gemechu Abessa, Dheeraj Lamba, Bruno Bonnechère
  Bioengineering.2025; 12(6): 581.     CrossRef
• Making Sense of Proprioception by Bibliometric Research
  Kevser Sevik Kacmaz
  Brain and Behavior.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Time course for acquiring toileting independence in patients with subacute stroke: a prospective cohort study
  Shin Kitamura, Yohei Otaka, Shintaro Uehara, Yudai Murayama, Kazuki Ushizawa, Yuya Narita, Naho Nakatsukasa, Daisuke Matsuura, Rieko Osu, Kunitsugu Kondo, Sachiko Sakata
  Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2025; 57: jrm42390.     CrossRef
• Eye tracking-based dual task in rehabilitation of motor and cognitive function in post-stroke patients: a literature review
  Marcella Sugianto, Yuda Zhou, Jifang Qiu
  Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Validity and Reliability of the Berg Balance Scale in Different Tele‐Assessment Methods in Patients With Stroke
  Birol Önal, Nezire Köse, Şeyma Nur Önal, Hatice Yağmur Zengin
  Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Convergent validity of the Tinetti scale in subacute stroke patients
  Adrián Arranz-Escudero, Patricia Martín-Casas, Ester Carpio-Calatayud, Ibai López-de-Uralde-Villanueva
  Revista Científica de la Sociedad de Enfermería Neurológica (English ed.).2025; : 500168.     CrossRef
• Parameters of dual task walking in patients with stroke: a scoping review
  Katsuya Sakai, Yuichiro Hosoi, Yusuke Harada
  Physical Therapy Reviews.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Dual tasking as a predictor of falls in post-stroke: A cross-sectional analysis comparing Walking While Talking versus Stops Walking While Talking
  Disha Lamba, Abraham M. Joshua, Vijaya kumar K, Akshatha Nayak, Prasanna Mithra, Rohit Pai, Shivananda Pai, Shyam Krishnan K., Vijayakumar Palaniswamy
  F1000Research.2025; 13: 1395.     CrossRef
• Influence of taping on joint proprioception: a systematic review with between and within group meta-analysis
  Shashank Ghai, Ishan Ghai, Susanne Narciss
  BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Application of an Auditory-Based Feedback Distortion to Modify Gait Symmetry in Healthy Individuals
  Le Yu Liu, Samir Sangani, Kara K. Patterson, Joyce Fung, Anouk Lamontagne
  Brain Sciences.2024; 14(8): 798.     CrossRef
• Time-course for acquiring transfer independence in patients with subacute stroke: a prospective cohort study
  Shin Kitamura, Yohei Otaka, Shintaro Uehara, Yudai Murayama, Kazuki Ushizawa, Yuya Narita, Naho Nakatsukasa, Daisuke Matsuura, Rieko Osu, Kunitsugu Kondo, Sachiko Sakata
  Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 56: jrm40055.     CrossRef
• Efficacy and safety of very early rehabilitation for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  Ying Lou, Zhongshuo Liu, Yingxiao Ji, Jinming Cheng, Congying Zhao, Litao Li
  Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Challenges in Accessing Community-Based Rehabilitation and Long-Term Care for Older Adult Stroke Survivors and Their Caregivers: A Qualitative Study
  Sining Zeng, Min Wu, Ling Xu, Zining Guo, Shufan Chen, Keyu Ling, Haihan Li, Xiaoli Yu, Xiaoping Zhu
  Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2024; Volume 17: 4829.     CrossRef
• The Impact of Virtual Reality as a Rehabilitation Method Using TRAVEE System on Functional Outcomes and Disability in Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study
  Claudia-Gabriela Potcovaru, Delia Cinteză, Miruna Ioana Săndulescu, Daniela Poenaru, Ovidiu Chiriac, Cristian Lambru, Alin Moldoveanu, Ana Magdalena Anghel, Mihai Berteanu
  Biomedicines.2024; 12(11): 2450.     CrossRef
• Synergistic effects of combined motor and language interventions on stroke rehabilitation: a holistic approach
  Reihaneh Saber-Moghadam, Afsaneh Zeinalzadeh, Jamshid Jamali, Mohammad Taghi Farzadfard, Davood Sobhani-Rad
  Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The importance of recovering body awareness in post-stroke rehabilitation: insights from clinical case reports
  Davide Cardile, Viviana Lo Buono, Francesco Corallo, Simona Cammaroto, Caterina Formica, Angelo Quartarone, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
  Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To determine correlations of alternation motor rate (AMR), sequential motor rate (SMR), and maximum phonation time (MPT) with the severity of dysphagia in subacute stroke patients.
Methods
This was a retrospective chart review study. Data of 171 subacute stroke patients were analyzed. Patient’s AMR, SMR, and MPT data were collected from their language evaluations. Video fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) was done. Data of dysphagia scales including penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcomes Measurement System (ASHA-NOMS) scale, clinical dysphagia scale (CDS), and videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS) were obtained. AMR, SMR, and MPT were compared between a non-aspirator group and an aspirator group. Correlations of AMR, SMR, and MPT with dysphagia scales were analyzed.
Results
AMR ("ka"), SMR, and modified Rankin Scale were significant associated factors between non-aspirator group and aspirator group, while AMR ("pa"), AMR ("ta"), and MPT were not. AMR, SMR, and MPT showed significant correlations with PAS score, ASHA-NOMS scale, CDS, VDS oral, and VDS pharyngeal scores. The cut-off value for distinguishing non-aspirator group and aspiration group was 18.5 for AMR ("ka") (sensitivity of 74.4%, specificity of 70.8%) and 7.5 for SMR (sensitivity of 89.9%, specificity of 61.0%). AMR and SMR were significantly lower in before-swallow aspiration group.
Conclusion
Articulatory diadochokinetic tasks that can be easily performed at the bedside would be particularly helpful in determining the oral feeding possibility of subacute stroke patients who cannot undergo VFSS, which is the gold standard for dysphagia assessment.

Citations

• Application of B+M-Mode Ultrasound in Evaluating Dysphagia in Elderly Stroke Patients
  Jiaying Shuai, Linping Pian, Li Tian, Linying Wang, Miaomiao Deng, Chen Cheng
  Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.2025; 51(2): 273.     CrossRef
• Laryngeal and swallowing characteristics in elderly after stroke: a preliminary study
  Jonan Emi Valencia Cardenas, Cris Magna dos Santos Oliveira, Raquel Rodrigues Rosa, Gabriele Ramos de Luccas, Claudia Tiemi Mituuti, Kelly Cristina Alves Silverio, Alcione Ghedini Brasolotto, Giédre Berretin-Felix
  Audiology - Communication Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Características laríngeas e de deglutição em idosos pós-acidente vascular encefálico: um estudo preliminar
  Jonan Emi Valencia Cardenas, Cris Magna dos Santos Oliveira, Raquel Rodrigues Rosa, Gabriele Ramos de Luccas, Claudia Tiemi Mituuti, Kelly Cristina Alves Silverio, Alcione Ghedini Brasolotto, Giédre Berretin-Felix
  Audiology - Communication Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Comparative analysis of speech assessment tools for individuals with dysarthria in Chile and worldwide
  Marcela Sanhueza-Garrido, Virginia García-Flores, Carlos Rojas-Zepeda, Jaime Crisosto-Alarcón
  Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología.2024; 4: 626.     CrossRef
• Rehabilitation of Patients with Post-Stroke Dysarthria in the Russia and Abroad: a Literature Review
  Olga V. Loginova, Daria I. Bovtyuk
  Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 22(6): 100.     CrossRef

Citations

• Neuroinflammation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy and therapeutic implications
  Zhao Zhong Chong, Nizar Souayah
  Reviews in the Neurosciences.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Targeting neuroinflammation in distal symmetrical polyneuropathy in diabetes
  Zhao Zhong Chong, Daniel L. Menkes, Nizar Souayah
  Drug Discovery Today.2024; 29(8): 104087.     CrossRef
• Refined Diagnostic Protocol for Diabetic Polyneuropathy: Paving the Way for Timely Detection
  Byung-Mo Oh
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(4): 234.     CrossRef