Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine

"Respiratory function tests"

Original Article

Spinal cord injury

Utilizing Pulmonary Function Parameters to Predict Dysphagia in Individuals With Cervical Spinal Cord Injuries: So Jung Lee, Sungchul Huh, Sung-Hwa Ko, Ji Hong Min, Hyun-Yoon Ko; Ann Rehabil Med 2021;45(6):450-458. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.21161

Abstract
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Objective
To utilize pulmonary function parameters as predictive factors for dysphagia in individuals with cervical spinal cord injuries (CSCIs).
Methods
Medical records of 78 individuals with CSCIs were retrospectively reviewed. The pulmonary function was evaluated using spirometry and peak flow meter, whereas the swallowing function was assessed using a videofluoroscopic swallowing study. Participants were divided into the non-penetration-aspiration group (score 1 on the Penetration-Aspiration Scale [PAS]) and penetration-aspiration group (scores 2–8 on the PAS). Individuals with pharyngeal residue grade scores >1 were included in the pharyngeal residue group.
Results
The mean age was significantly higher in the penetration-aspiration and pharyngeal residue groups. In this study, individuals with clinical features, such as advanced age, history of tracheostomy, anterior surgical approach, and higher neurological level of injury, had significantly more penetration-aspiration or pharyngeal residue. Individuals in the penetration-aspiration group had significantly lower peak cough flow (PCF) levels. Individuals in the pharyngeal residue group had a significantly lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of PCF and FEV1 on the PAS, the cutoff value was 140 L/min and 37.5% of the predicted value, respectively.
Conclusion
Low PCF and FEV1 values may predict the risk of dysphagia in individuals with CSCIs. In these individuals, active evaluation of swallowing is recommended to confirm dysphagia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Methods of diagnosis and rehabilitation of dysphagia in patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review
Roberta ZUPO, Beatrice POGGI, Nicole CAGGIANO, Giulio VARRONE, Fabio CASTELLANA, Silvia NATOLI, Rodolfo SARDONE, Antonio NARDONE, Chiara PAVESE
European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Pulmonary function and sarcopenia as predictors of dysphagia in cervical spinal cord injury
Su Ji Lee, Ji Cheol Shin
Spinal Cord.2024; 62(1): 42. CrossRef
Evaluation of clinical factors predicting dysphagia in patients with traumatic and non-traumatic cervical spinal cord injury: a retrospective study
Jin-Woo Choi, Dae Yeong Kim, Sun Young Joo, Donghwi Park, Min Cheol Chang
Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Coordination Between Respiration and Swallowing in Patients With Dysphagia After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: An Observational Case–Control Study
Xuluan Xu, Qingsu Zhang, Yongqi Xie, Degang Yang, Feng Gao, Yongxue Yuan, Yu Zhang, Jianjun Li
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.2024; 33(5): 2572. CrossRef
Flujo máximo de tos y evaluación de la deglución: Una revisión de literatura
Amalia Nanjarí R , María del Carmen Campos
Revista Científica Signos Fónicos.2024; 10(1): 7. CrossRef
Voluntary Cough Testing as a Clinical Indicator of Airway Protection in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Laura Pitts, Valerie K. Hamilton, Erin A. Walaszek, Stephanie Watts, Leora R. Cherney
The Laryngoscope.2023; 133(6): 1434. CrossRef
Association between Anterior Surgical Approach and Dysphagia Severity in Patients with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Min Cheol Chang, Dae Yeong Kim, Jin-Woo Choi, Ho Yong Choi, Jin-Sung Park, Donghwi Park
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(9): 3227. CrossRef
Successful Continuation of Oral Intake in a Dysphagic and Tetraplegic Patient With Alternate Right and Left Complete Lateral Decubitus Positions in Rehabilitation
Yoshinori Maki, Mayumi Takagawa, Akio Goda, Junichi Katsura, Ken Yanagibashi
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Laryngeal and swallow dysregulation following acute cervical spinal cord injury
Teresa Pitts, Kimberly E. Iceman, Alyssa Huff, M. Nicholas Musselwhite, Michael L. Frazure, Kellyanna C. Young, Clinton L. Greene, Dena R. Howland
Journal of Neurophysiology.2022; 128(2): 405. CrossRef

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Case Report

Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency: Jihyun Park, Seong-Woong Kang, Won Ah Choi, Yewon Lee, Han Eol Cho; Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(2):165-170. Published online April 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2020.44.2.165

Abstract
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Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a rare distal arthrogryposis syndrome. There are few reports on the respiratory insufficiency of FSS. Additionally, there is no detailed information on pulmonary functional evaluation. A 17-year-old male patient with FSS developed respiratory failure, leading him to be admitted to hospital several times for evaluation and treatment. Of those times he was admitted, two were due to pneumonia. His pulmonary functions were indicative of a restrictive lung disease potentially caused by severe scoliosis. After a non-invasive ventilatorwas applied correctly to the patient, pulmonary hypertension was normalized. His pulmonary function has been maintained for 13 years. Since receiving proper respiratory care, which includes assisted coughing methods, the patient has not developed pneumonia. It is important to properly evaluate the pulmonary function of patients who have FSS and scoliosis to eliminate the risk of long-term respiratory complications.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Letter: Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency (Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44:165-70)
Mikaela I. Poling, Craig R. Dufresne
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2020; 44(5): 409. CrossRef
Response: Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency (Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44:165-70)
Jihyun Park, Seong-Woong Kang, Won Ah Choi, Yewon Lee, Han Eol Cho
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2020; 44(5): 411. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Differences of Spinal Curvature, Thoracic Mobility, and Respiratory Strength Between Chronic Neck Pain Patients and People Without Cervical Pain: Ji Hong Cheon, Na Na Lim, Geun Su Lee, Ki Hong Won, Sung Hoon Lee, Eun Young Kang, Hyun Kyung Lee, Younkyung Cho; Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(1):58-68. Published online February 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2020.44.1.58

Abstract
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Objective
To investigate the differences of spinal curvature, thoracic sagittal mobility, and respiratory strength between patients with chronic neck pain (CNP) and people without cervical pain, and to determine the correlation between respiratory strength and thoracic mobility in CNP patients.
Methods
A total of 78 participants were finally included in this study, of whom 30 had no cervical pain and 48 had CNP. The Neck Disability Index (NDI), cervical lordotic curvature, thoracic kyphotic curvature, thoracic sagittal range of motion (ROM), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were measured and analyzed.
Results
In males, thoracic sagittal ROM_MEP-MIP and MEP showed a significant difference between the no cervical pain group and the CNP group. In females, thoracic kyphotic curvature, thoracic sagittal ROM_MEP-MIP, MIP, and MEP were significantly different between the no cervical pain group and the CNP group. Thoracic kyphotic curvature was significantly correlated with MEP and MIP in all population groups, and significantly correlated with NDI in the female group. Thoracic sagittal ROM_MEP-MIP had a significant linear relationship with NDI, MEP, and MIP in all population groups.
Conclusion
The thoracic mobility during forced respiration was reduced in patients with CNP and was correlated with respiratory strength. Changes in the biomechanics of the cervicothoracic spine and rib cage due to CNP may contribute to impairment of respiratory strength.

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Optimal target localization for botulinum toxin A in treating splenius muscles dystonia based on the distribution of intramuscular nerves and spindles
Xiaojiao He, Sifeng Wen, Xuan Liu, Yutong Li, Shengbo Yang
Anatomical Science International.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Differences of diaphragmatic muscle contraction between female patients with chronic neck pain and asymptomatic controls: A case-control study based on ultrasonography
Gamze Yalcinkaya Colak, Seher Ozyurek, Yesim Salik Sengul, Orhan Kalemci
Musculoskeletal Science and Practice.2024; 69: 102894. CrossRef
Effect of Chronic Non-specific Neck Pain on Aerobic Capacity in Females
Özlem MENEVŞE, Filiz ALTUĞ, Orçin TELLİ ATALAY
Bezmialem Science.2024; 12(1): 55. CrossRef
Respiratory dysfunction in patients with chronic neck pain: systematic review and meta-analysis
Ibai López-de-Uralde-Villanueva, Tamara del Corral, Rodrigo Salvador-Sánchez, Santiago Angulo-Díaz-Parreño, José-Javier López-Marcos, Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
Disability and Rehabilitation.2023; 45(15): 2422. CrossRef
Respiratory Function Analysis in Patients with Chronic Pain: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis of Pooled Findings
Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Núria Sempere-Rubio, Elena Muñoz-Gómez, Sara Mollà-Casanova, Enrique Carrasco-González, Francisco M. Martínez-Arnau
Healthcare.2023; 11(9): 1358. CrossRef
Impact of Indoor Air Quality and Breathing on Back and Neck Pain: A Systematic Review
Ezequiel D Gherscovici, John M Mayer
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between Smartphone Addiction and Breathing Pattern in Sedentary Young College-Going Students – A Cross-Sectional Study
IK Shah, A Kumar, S Rajasekar, AA Pathak, N Suvarna, K Gopal, R Muthukrishnan
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice.2023; 26(11): 1637. CrossRef
Chronic neck pain and respiratory dysfunction: a review paper
Shruti P. Nair, Chaitrali S. Panchabhai, Vrushali Panhale
Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of breathing re-education on endurance, strength of deep neck flexors and pulmonary function in patients with chronic neck pain: A randomised controlled trial
Sahreen Anwar, Syed A. Arsalan, Hamayun Zafar, Ashfaq Ahmed, Syed A. Gillani, Asif Hanif
South African Journal of Physiotherapy.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Pulmonary Functions in Patients With Chronic Neck Pain: A Case-Control Study
Figen Dağ, Serkan Taş, Özlem Bölgen Çimen
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics.2022; 45(4): 290. CrossRef
A Comparative Study of a Novel Postural Garment Versus Exercise for Women with Nonspecific Cervical Pain
Merce Avellanet, Anna Boada-Pladellorens, Esther Pages, Aleix Dorca, Betlem Sabria, Michael Pfeifer, Elvira Gea
Spine.2021; 46(22): 1517. CrossRef
Neck Stabilization Exercises Enhance Respiratory Function after Stroke: Respiratory Function Index Change Trajectory Analyzed Using a Hierarchical Linear Model
So-Hyun Kim, Sung-Hyoun Cho
Medicina.2021; 57(12): 1312. CrossRef

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Clinical Importance of Peak Cough Flow in Dysphagia Evaluation of Patients Diagnosed With Ischemic Stroke: Sang Won Min, Se Hyun Oh, Ghi Chan Kim, Young Joo Sim, Dong Kyu Kim, Ho Joong Jeong; Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(6):798-803. Published online December 28, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.6.798

Abstract
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Objective
To investigate the relationship between peak cough flow (PCF), pulmonary function tests (PFT), and severity of dysphagia in patients with ischemic stroke.
Methods
This study included patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke, who underwent videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), PCF and PFT from March 2016 to February 2017. The dysphagia severity was assessed using the videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS). Correlation analysis of VDS, PFT and PCF was performed. Patients were divided into three groups based on VDS score. One-way ANOVA of VDS was performed to analyze PCF, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and age among the different groups.
Results
The correlation coefficients of VDS and PCF, VDS and FVC, and VDS and FEV1 were -0.836, -0.508, and -0.430, respectively, all of which were statistically significant at the level of p<0.001. The one-way ANOVA indicated statistically significant differences in PCF, FVC, FEV1, and age among the VDS groups. Statistically significant differences in VDS and age were observed between aspiration pneumoia and non-aspiration pneumonia groups.
Conclusion
Coughing is a useful factor in evaluating the risk of aspiration in dysphagia patients. Evaluation of respiratory and coughing function should be conducted during the swallowing assessment of patients with ischemic stroke.

Citations

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Pulmonary Function Tests Post-Stroke. Correlation between Lung Function, Severity of Stroke, and Improvement after Respiratory Muscle Training
Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Konstantinos Bonelis, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Dimitrios Tsiptsios, Anastasia Sousanidou, Foteini Christidi, Aimilios Gkantzios, Aspasia Serdari, Styliani Voutidou, Chrysoula-Maria Takou, Christos Kokkotis, Nikolaos Aggelousis, Ko
Neurology International.2024; 16(1): 139. CrossRef
A simple nomogram for predicting aspiration associated with dysphagia in hospitalized patients after stroke
Lihua Chen, Juan Li, Fang Tian, Huan Tang, Zuoxiu Chen, Chao Xue, Mingqing Hao, Juan Xue
Neurological Sciences.2024; 45(6): 2729. CrossRef
Flujo máximo de tos y evaluación de la deglución: Una revisión de literatura
Amalia Nanjarí R , María del Carmen Campos
Revista Científica Signos Fónicos.2024; 10(1): 7. CrossRef
Predictive Ability of Systemic Inflammation Response Index for the Risk of Pneumonia in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Dan Yan, Caijun Dai, Ruoting Xu, Qiqi Huang, Wenwei Ren
Gerontology.2023; 69(2): 181. CrossRef
Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with respiratory training on dysphagia in post-stroke patients
Hao Li, Long Zhao, Xiaokai Yuan, Qingjuan Zhang, Yatao Pang, Hongling Li
Technology and Health Care.2023; 31(1): 11. CrossRef
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Literature Review
Jackie McRae, Sarah Morgan, Emma Wallace, Anna Miles
Dysphagia.2023; 38(4): 1025. CrossRef
Could clinical nursing procedures lead to tracheal cuff pressure drop? A prospective observational study
Lijun Xiang, Meng Cao, Yuan Wang, Xuemei Song, Miaoqin Tan, Xiaomei Zhang
Journal of Clinical Nursing.2022; 31(5-6): 623. CrossRef
Cough reflex testing in clinical dysphagia practice
Emma S. Wallace, Maggie-lee Huckabee, Phoebe Macrae
Advances in Communication and Swallowing.2022; 25(2): 73. CrossRef
Vitamin D level in relation to phonetic function among subacute stroke patients
Eo Jin Park, Seung Don Yoo
Medicine.2022; 101(50): e31769. CrossRef
Questionnaire survey on nurses and speech therapists regarding dysphagia rehabilitation in Japan
Kengo Kato, Ryoukichi Ikeda, Jun Suzuki, Ai Hirano-Kawamoto, Yayoi Kamakura, Masako Fujiu-Kurachi, Masamitsu Hyodo, Shin-Ichi Izumi, Shigeto Koyama, Keiichi Sasaki, Junko Nakajima, Takahiro Karaho, Yurika Kimura, Yoshihiko Kumai, Yasushi Fujimoto, Takahar
Auris Nasus Larynx.2021; 48(2): 241. CrossRef
Relationship between Swallowing Function, Diet Level and Pulmonary Function in Post-Stroke Patients
Myungeun Yoo, Hyo Jeong Lee, Eu Jeong Ko, Jinyoung Park, Yoon Ghil Park
Journal of the Korean Dysphagia Society.2021; 11(1): 25. CrossRef
Usefulness of Maximal Expiratory Pressure in Evaluating Dysphagia after Ischemic Stroke
Bo Seong Jang, Ho Joong Jeong, Han Eum Choi, Jae Hyun Lee, Young Joo Sim, Ghi Chan Kim
Journal of the Korean Dysphagia Society.2021; 11(1): 59. CrossRef
Utilizing Pulmonary Function Parameters to Predict Dysphagia in Individuals With Cervical Spinal Cord Injuries
So Jung Lee, Sungchul Huh, Sung-Hwa Ko, Ji Hong Min, Hyun-Yoon Ko
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2021; 45(6): 450. CrossRef
Peak Voluntary Cough Flow and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia as Risk Factors for Pneumonia
Jayoon Choi, Sora Baek, Gowun Kim, Hee-won Park
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2021; 45(6): 431. CrossRef
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Dysphagia.2020; 35(5): 876. CrossRef

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Motor and Sensory Function as a Predictor of Respiratory Function Associated With Ventilator Weaning After High Cervical Cord Injury: Tae Wan Kim, Jung Hyun Yang, Sung Chul Huh, Bon Il Koo, Jin A Yoon, Je Sang Lee, Hyun-Yoon Ko, Yong Beom Shin; Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(3):457-464. Published online June 27, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.3.457

Abstract
PDF

Objective
To analyze the respiratory function of high cervical cord injury according to ventilator dependence and to examine the correlations between diaphragm movement found on fluoroscopy and sensory and motor functions.
Methods
A total of 67 patients with high cervical spinal cord injury (SCI), admitted to our hospital were enrolled in the study. One rehabilitation physician performed sensory and motor examinations on all patients while each patient was in the supine position on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) standard. In addition, fluoroscopic diaphragm movement studies and bedside spirometry were performed.
Results
Bedside spirometry and diaphragm fluoroscopic tests were analyzed according to ventilator dependence. Forced vital capacity and maximal inspiratory pressure were significantly higher in the ventilator weaned group. Natural breathing during the fluoroscopic diaphragm examinations and ventilator weaning showed statistical significance with the movement on the right, while deep breathing showed statistical significance with the movement on both sides. Deep breathing movement has correlation with the C5 key muscle. Diaphragm movement has correlation with right C3 and bilateral C4 sensory functions.
Conclusion
The present expansion study showed that, through simple bedside physical examinations, rehabilitation physicians could relatively easily predict diaphragm movement and respiratory function recovery, which showed significance with ventilator weaning in patients with high cervical SCI.

Citations

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Predicting extubation in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury using the diaphragm electrical activity during a single maximal maneuver
Rui Zhang, Xiaoting Xu, Hui Chen, Jennifer Beck, Christer Sinderby, Haibo Qiu, Yi Yang, Ling Liu
Annals of Intensive Care.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Respiratory Complications and Weaning Considerations for Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Narrative Review
Kristopher A. Hendershot, Kristine H. O’Phelan
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 13(1): 97. CrossRef
Separation from mechanical ventilation and survival after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Annia F. Schreiber, Jacopo Garlasco, Fernando Vieira, Yie Hui Lau, Dekel Stavi, David Lightfoot, Andrea Rigamonti, Karen Burns, Jan O. Friedrich, Jeffrey M. Singh, Laurent J. Brochard
Annals of Intensive Care.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Correlation of Serum Creatine Kinase Level With Pulmonary Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Eun Young Kim, Jang Woo Lee, Mi Ri Suh, Won Ah Choi, Seong Woong Kang, Hyeon Jun Oh; Ann Rehabil Med 2017;41(2):306-312. Published online April 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2017.41.2.306

Abstract
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Objective

To investigate the relationship between serum creatine kinase (CK) level and pulmonary function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).

Methods

A total of 202 patients with DMD admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital were enrolled from January 1, 1999 to March 31, 2015. Seventeen patients were excluded. Data collected from the 185 patients included age, height, weight, body mass index, pulmonary function tests including forced vital capacity (FVC), peak cough flow, maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and laboratory measurements (serum level of CK, CK-MB, troponin-T, and B-type natriuretic peptide). FVC, MEP, and MIP were expressed as percentages of predicted normal values.

Results

Serum CK activities were elevated above normal levels, even in the oldest DMD group. Serum CK level was strongly correlated with pulmonary functions of sitting FVC (p<0.001), supine FVC (p<0.001), MIP (p=0.004), and MEP (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Serum CK level is a reliable screening test even in patients with advanced DMD, and is a strong predictor of pulmonary functions.

Citations

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Uma Balachandran, Taylor Mustapich, Sheena C. Ranade
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Ryan R. Armbruster, Dushyant Kumar, Blake Benyard, Paul Jacobs, Aditi Khandavilli, Fang Liu, Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga, Shana McCormack, Anne R. Cappola, Neil Wilson, Ravinder Reddy
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Misawa Niki Ishii, Masato Nakashima, Hidenori Kamiguchi, Neta Zach, Ryosuke Kuboki, Rina Baba, Takeshi Hirakawa, Kazunori Suzuki, Maria Quinton
Neuromuscular Disorders.2023; 33(4): 302. CrossRef
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Fawzy A. Saad, Gabriele Siciliano, Corrado Angelini
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Heta Lad, Tyler M. Saumur, Margaret S. Herridge, Claudia C. dos Santos, Sunita Mathur, Jane Batt, Penney M. Gilbert
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(21): 7840. CrossRef
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Sandra Murphy, Margit Zweyer, Rustam R. Mundegar, Dieter Swandulla, Kay Ohlendieck
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Jennifer E. Morgan, Alexandre Prola, Virginie Mariot, Veronica Pini, Jinhong Meng, Christophe Hourde, Julie Dumonceaux, Francesco Conti, Frederic Relaix, Francois-Jerôme Authier, Laurent Tiret, Francesco Muntoni, Maximilien Bencze
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Beena Vasanthy, Vijayan Chandrathil Parameswaran Nair
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James G. Tidball, Steven S. Welc, Michelle Wehling‐Henricks
Comprehensive Physiology.2018; 8(4): 1313. CrossRef
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Peihu Fan, Wei Chen, Pin Yu, Linlin Bao, Lili Xu, Chuan Qin
PROTEOMICS – Clinical Applications.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effects of Incentive Spirometry on Respiratory Motion in Healthy Subjects Using Cine Breathing Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Toshiaki Kotani, Tsutomu Akazawa, Tsuyoshi Sakuma, Shigeyuki Nagaya, Masaru Sonoda, Yuji Tanaka, Takehide Katogi, Tetsuharu Nemoto, Shohei Minami; Ann Rehabil Med 2015;39(3):360-365. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2015.39.3.360

Abstract
PDF

Objective

To investigate the effectiveness of incentive spirometry on respiratory motion in healthy subjects using cine breathing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods

Ten non-smoking healthy subjects without any history of respiratory disease were studied. Subjects were asked to perform pulmonary training using incentive spirometry every day for two weeks. To assess the effectiveness of this training, pulmonary function tests and cine breathing MRI were performed before starting pulmonary training and two weeks after its completion.

Results

After training, there were significant improvements in vital capacity (VC) from 3.58±0.8 L to 3.74±0.8 L and in %VC from 107.4±10.8 to 112.1±8.2. Significant changes were observed in the right diaphragm motion, right chest wall motion, and left chest wall motion, which were increased from 55.7±9.6 mm to 63.4±10.2 mm, from 15.6±6.1 mm to 23.4±10.4 mm, and from 16.3±7.6 mm to 22.0±9.8 mm, respectively.

Conclusion

Two weeks of training using incentive spirometry provided improvements in pulmonary function and respiratory motion, which suggested that incentive spirometry may be a useful preoperative modality for improving pulmonary function during the perioperative period.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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