Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is a demyelinating syndrome of the central nervous system. This case report describes a 31-year-old woman whose electromyography revealed radiculopathy in the left L5-S1 spinal segment without anatomical abnormalities on lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). She was diagnosed with NMOSD based on gadolinium contrast whole spine and brain MRI and anti-aquaporin-4 antibody findings. Her peripheral nervous system might have been damaged during the early course of NMOSD. Therefore, it is necessary to consider NMOSD for patients who have radiculopathy in electromyography if lumbosacral MRI shows no abnormalities.

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• Acute Denervation Revealed by Electromyography, in Conjunction With Normal Appearing Lumbar Spinal Cord in NMOSD: Case Report
  Stefania Kalampokini, Effrosyni Koutsouraki, Paschalis Devranis, Martha Spilioti, Maria Moschou, Konstantinos Notas, Vasilios K. Kimiskidis
  Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Specific electromyography characteristics can distinguish longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis from congestive myelopathy due to spinal dural arteriovenous fistula: a retrospective study
  Jiao Zhao, Ye Lin, Shiyang Xu, Minghui Lu, Dehui Huang, Weiping Guan
  British Journal of Hospital Medicine.2024; 85(6): 1.     CrossRef
• Update on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelits optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) – revised recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). Part I: Diagnosis and differential diagnosis
  Sven Jarius, Orhan Aktas, Ilya Ayzenberg, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Achim Berthele, Katrin Giglhuber, Vivien Häußler, Joachim Havla, Kerstin Hellwig, Martin W. Hümmert, Ingo Kleiter, Luisa Klotz, Markus Krumbholz, Tania Kümpfel, Friedemann Paul, Marius Ring
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  Sareh Shahmohammadi, Rozita Doosti, Abootorab Shahmohammadi, Seyed Ehsan Mohammadianinejad, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Amir Reza Azimi, Mohammad Hossein Harirchian, Nasrin Asgari, Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
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Objective: To determine whether electrophysiologic findings of mild diabetic neuropathy in elderly patients is due to age or diabetic mellitus itself.

Method: Electrophysiologic examination was performed in patients with diabetes mellitus and in normal control subjects over the age of 60. Electrophysiologic results of 55 diabetic neuropathy patients and the normal control subjects were compared.

Results: 1) Effect of age or diabetes mellitus on the electrophysiologic parameters: In normal controls over 60 years of age the motor and sensory parameter demonstrated a significant difference compared to those under 60. In diabetic patients, motor and sensory parameters demonstrated a significant difference compared to the control group.

2) Interaction of age and diabetes mellitus: Concerning the effect of age, significant differences were observed in amplitude in both motor and sensory responses. Regarding the effect of diabetes, significant differences were observed in latency or velocity in the motor and sensory nerves compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Eletrophysiologically, prolonged latency is the result of the diabetic process, whereas decreased amplitude is thought to be due to the effect of age. In diagnosing mild diabetic neuropathy in elderly patients, we should consider the differential effects of age itself and diabetes mellitus.