Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine

Leg Length Discrepancy Induced by Arterio-Venous Fistula Due to Repetitive Vascular Punctures: A case report.: Lee, Zee Ihn , Park, Dong Hwi , Jo, Dong Hyun; J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 2010;34(5):607-610.

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The causes of leg length discrepancy in childhood include neurologic, musculoskeletal, tumor and vascular diseases. It may contribute secondary complications such as gait disturbance, scoliosis, hip joint arthritis or cosmetic problem etc. Acquired arteriovenous fistula is a rare cause of leg length discrepancy. Multiple vascular punctures in the neonates, especially in prematures, can result in iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula formation. We report two cases of arteriovenous fistula secondary to vascular punctures, diagnosed by color doppler ultrasonography and CT angiography. The lesions were explored and treated surgically. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2010; 34: 607-610)

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Leg Length Discrepancy in Children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy.: Lee, Sool Ryon , Sung, In Young; J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 2003;27(6):850-854.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to define the leg length discrepancy (LLD) in hemiplegic cerebral palsy compared with normal control group and to evaluate the contributing clinical factors to LLD.

Method: The study included 27 children with hemiplegic cerebral plasy and 12 normal control group who were taken Bell-Thomson's view x-ray for measuring of leg length. The patient group was divided into the group with LLD and the group without LLD. Then we evaluated the relationship between the rate of leg length shortening (LLS) and clinical factors.

Results: Of the total 27 cerebral palsy children, 18 children (66.7%) had LLD, whose average rate of LLS was 2.0 percent. Nine children didn't have LLD, whose average rate of LLS was 0.6 percent. There was no specific relationship between the rate of LLS and the age, muscle power or spasticity, but there was negative correlation between the rate of LLS and the score of gross motor functional measure (GMFM).

Conclusion: It is necessary to define the LLD in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy by the rate of LLS and to be concerned about the LLD due to its possible correlation with poor functional outcome. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2003; 27: 850-854)

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The Effect of Leg Length Discrepancy on the Strength of Ankle Muscle.: Heo, Jai Kyun , Park, Si Bog , Lee, Sang Gun , Lee, Kang Mok , Kim, Ing Gon , Kim, Dong Won; J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 1999;23(5):1035-1038.

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Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the relation of leg length discrepancy on ankle muscle strength.

Method: Twenty four adult women were tested (12 leg length equality and 12 leg length discrepancy). Leg length was measured by tape ruler from anterior superior iliac spine to medial malleolus, three times by three different trained examiners. The muscle strength (bilateral ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors) was measured by using Cybex 340 dynamometer at 30 degree/sec and 120 degree/sec.

Results: The mean value of leg length discrepancy was 0.89⁑0.24 cm. In leg length discrepancy group, the peak torque of ankle plantarflexor were 44.50⁑20.94 Nm in long leg and 51.83⁑12.75 Nm in short leg at 30 degree/sec angular velocity (p＜0.05).

Conclusion: We concluded that there were significant increase in plantar flexor peak torques of short leg than those of long legs at 30 degree/sec (P＜0.05). Perhaps the difference of the muscle strength might be due to compensatory mechanism of short leg in propulsion during gait.