Objective
In treating patients with frozen shoulder, posterior and anterior approach glenohumeral injections are well known methods. But the accuracy of the above injection methods is low. In this study, we introduce the superior approach glenohumeral injection method and evaluate its success rate. Method: Twenty six patients who were clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder were enrolled. Patients received a superior approach glenohumeral injection of 1 cc radiographic contrast (UrografinⰒ, Schering, Germany). The success of superior approach was determined by radiography study of the shoulder joint taken after the injection. Results: 24 of the 26 procedures (92.3%) were judged to be accurately placed by the radiography study and there was no significant complication after the superior approach intrarticular injection. Conclusion: Superior approach glenohumeral injection in frozen shoulder showed the high success rate. We consider this superior approach as a very effective method. If the study for the interrater reliability is added, the superior approach will be considered to be a useful approach. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2007; 31: 37-40)

Objective
Accuracy of injection in patient with adhesive capsulitis may significantly affect the clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success rate of posterior approach glenohumeral injection in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Method: Twenty-two patients who were clinically diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis were enrolled. They had sustained pain and limitation of motion in shoulder in spite of medication and physical therapy for at least 2 months and no history of trauma. Patients were received by a posterior approach glenohumeral injection of 2 ml radiographic contrast. Radiograph of the shoulder joint was taken immediately after the injection to determine success of the intra-articular injection. Results: 5 of the 22 procedures (22.7%) were judged to be accurately placed and in the others the contrast media was observed in the muscular and subcutaneous tissues. Conclusion: This study showed that posterior approach glenohumeral injection in adhesive capsulitis was a difficult procedure. The low success rate of posterior approach glenohumeral injection in adhesive capsulitis would lead to repetitive injection and side-effect of corticosteroid. We consider fluoroscopy-guided intra-articular injection in adhesive capsulitis rather than posterior approach glenohumeral injection to increase the accuracy of intra-articular injection. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2005; 29: 479-482)