Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine

Postural Stability in Patients with Chronic Ankle Sprain.: Hwang, Ji Hye , Kim, Sang Yong , Kim, Hyeon Sook , Lee, Kang Woo , Kim, Seung Ho; J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 2000;24(4):776-783.

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Objective: To investigate the deficit of static and dynamic postural control in patients with chronic ankle sprain using dynamic posturography.

Method: Twenty patients with unilateral recurrent ankle sprain and functional instability were assessed by Samsung medical center ankle injury score and by computerized dynamic posturography (EquiTest^Ⱂ system, Neurocom^Ⱂ, international, INC; USA).

The posturography test was performed 3 times at 6 different simulated conditions such as fixed of force platform/open eyes/fixed of screen (condition 1), fixed/closed/fixed (condition 2), fixed/open/movement (condition 3), sway/open/fixed (condition 4), sway/closed/fixed (condition 5), sway/open/movement (condition 6). We evaluated anteroposterior sway of center of gravity of the patients and calculated equilibrium scores. We compared the equilibrium scores of patient group and normal data reported previously. We also compared the equilibrium scores of two subgroups of the patients according to severity of ankle injury.

Results: Patients showed significantly low equilibrium scores than normal one at the condition 4, 5 and 6 (p＜0.05). The group B with severe ankle injury revealed low equilibrium scores at the condition 4, 5 and 6. Especially the group B showed statistically significance at condition 5 (p＜0.05).

Conclusion: Patients with chronic ankle sprain showed the deficit of dynamic postural control due to the proprioceptive dysfunction of injured ankle than normal person.

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Posturographic Characteristics of Lesion Site in Stroke Patients.: Kim, Hyeon Sook , Lee, Kang Woo , Sung, Duk Hyun , Hwang, Ji Hye , Kim, Tae Uk; J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 2000;24(3):363-369.

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Objective: To determine the posturographic characteristics of the stroke patients due to various brain lesions.

Method: Stroke patients capable of standing without assistive devices were included. Patients were divided into three groups according to the lesion distribution: cerebral; brain stem; cerebellar. Quantitative computerized posturographic studies were performed to determine the subject's response to sensory (sensory organization test, SOT) and motor translations (motor control test, MCT).

Results: Equilibrium scores of 4th (EQ4), 5th (EQ5) and 6th (EQ6) conditions and visual (VIS) and vestibular (VEST) ratio of SOT were significantly lower in brainstem and cerebellar lesion groups in comparison with normal population. In addition, prolonged latencies for medium and large backward and forward translations were noticed in the brainstem lesion group. However, there was no significant difference between cerebral lesion group and normal population. According to the lesion distribution, cerebellar group showed increased incidence of abnormalities of EQ4 score. Brainstem group showed increased incidence of abnormalities in EQ5, EQ6 score, VEST ratio and prolonged latency for large forward translation.

Conclusion: We found that posturography revealed characteristic appearances according to the various brain lesions, especially in cerebellum and brainstem stroke patients.

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The Effect of Knee Osteoarthritis and Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty on Balance.: Cho, Hyung Jun , Cho, Dong Soo , Park, Seung Buhm , Yun, Seo Ra , Jung, Kwang Ik; J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 2007;31(6):725-729.

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Objective
To assess the effect of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on balance. Method: Fifteen patients with bilateral knee OA and fifteen patients with unilateral TKA and fifteen healthy adults were assessed by computerized dynamic posturography. The posturography test was performed 3 times at 6 different simulated conditions. We evaluated anteroposterior sway of center of gravity and strategy score of OA group, TKA group and healthy adults group. We compared the equilibrium scores of each group with normal data reported previously. We also compared strategy scores of each group.Results: Patients with bilateral knee OA and unilateral TKA showed lower equilibrium scores than normal one at the condition 4, 5, 6. But patients with unilateral TKA did not show significant equilibrium score difference as compared with bilateral knee OA patients. Patients with bilateral knee OA and unilateral TKA showed significantly lower strategy scores than normal one at the condition 4, 5, 6 (p＜0.05). But patients with unilateral TKA did not show significant strategy score difference as compared with bilateral knee OA patients. Conclusion: Patients with bilateral knee OA showed deficit of dynamic postural control due to proprioceptive dysfunction. And TKA did not affect proprioceptive change in knee osteoarthritis. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2007; 31: 725-729)

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Correlation between Berg Balance Scale and Sensory Organization Test of Computerized Dynamic Posturography in Brain Injured Patients.: Jung, Han Young , Kim, Myeong Ok , Kwak, Jai Rheung; J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 2001;25(3):404-411.

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Objective: To examine the correlation between Berg balance scale (BBS) which is tool for assessing the clinical balance function and sensory organization test (SOT) of computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) in brain injured patients.

Method: Thirty patients with brain injury were assessed on the BBS and SOT of CDP. BBS consists of 14 items and each item is graded on a five point ordinal scale (0∼4), yielding a total of 56 points. According to its characteristics, each item was divided 3 groups, which were sitting, standing and position change. Six equilibrium scores (EQ) were determined by SOT of CDP (EquiTest System^Ⱂ, Version 5.08) under 6 conditions, and somatosensory, visual, vestibular ratios were analyzed by 6 EQ scores.

Results: EQ 5 was correlated with reaching forward item (r=0.513), turning 360 degrees item (r=0.537), stool stepping item (r=0.529) of BBS (p＜0.01). EQ 6 was correlated with turning 360 degrees item (r=0.498) of BBS (p＜0.01). Sum of standing item group scores was correlated with EQ 5 (r=0.478), EQ 6 (r=0.464), and sum of position change item scores was correlated with EQ 5 (r=0.622), EQ 6 (r=0.514)(p＜0.01). Vestibular ratio was correlated with BBS total score (r=0.552, p＜0.01).

Conclusion: We concluded that vestibular ratio of SOT was correlated with BBS, especially position change item group. Therefore BBS is a good tool for evaluating vestibular function in brain injured patients.