Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine

"Yookyung Lee"

Original Articles

Geriatric Rehabilitation

Association of Diaphragm Thickness and Respiratory Muscle Strength With Indices of Sarcopenia: Yookyung Lee, Sunhan Son, Don-Kyu Kim, Myung Woo Park; Ann Rehabil Med 2023;47(4):307-314. Published online August 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.23081

Objective
To evaluate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, diaphragm thickness (DT), and indices of sarcopenia.
Methods
This study included 45 healthy elderly volunteers (21 male and 24 female) aged 65 years or older. Sarcopenia indices, including hand grip strength (HGS) and body mass index-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM/BMI), were measured using a hand grip dynamometer and bioimpedance analysis, respectively. Calf circumference (CC) and gait speed were also measured. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were obtained using a spirometer, as a measure of respiratory muscle strength. DT was evaluated through ultrasonography. The association between indices of sarcopenia, respiratory muscle strength, and DT was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation test, and univariate and multiple regression analysis.
Results
ASM/BMI (r=0.609, p<0.01), CC (r=0.499, p<0.01), HGS (r=0.759, p<0.01), and gait speed (r=0.319, p<0.05) were significantly correlated with DT. In the univariate linear regression analysis, MIP was significantly associated with age (p=0.003), DT (p<0.001), HGS (p=0.002), CC (p=0.013), and gait speed (p=0.026). MEP was significantly associated with sex (p=0.001), BMI (p=0.033), ASM/BMI (p=0.003), DT (p<0.001), HGS (p<0.001), CC (p=0.001) and gait speed (p=0.004). In the multiple linear regression analysis, age (p=0.001), DT (p<0.001), and ASM/BMI (p=0.008) showed significant association with MIP. DT (p<0.001) and gait speed (p=0.050) were associated with MEP.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that respiratory muscle strength is associated with DT and indices of sarcopenia. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Role of Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Identifying Sarcopenia in COPD Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Nur Aleyna Yetkin, Sibel Akın, Derya Kocaslan, Burcu Baran, Bilal Rabahoglu, Fatma Sema Oymak, Nuri Tutar, İnci Gulmez
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.2025; Volume 20: 1. CrossRef
Relationship Between Diaphragm Function and Sarcopenia Assessed by Ultrasound: A Cross-Sectional Study
Takahiro Shinohara, Toru Yamada, Shuji Ouchi, Suguru Mabuchi, Ryoichi Hanazawa, Kazuharu Nakagawa, Kanako Yoshimi, Tatsuya Mayama, Ayane Horike, Kenji Toyoshima, Yoshiaki Tamura, Atsushi Araki, Haruka Tohara, Akihiro Hirakawa, Takuma Kimura, Takeshi Ishid
Diagnostics.2025; 15(1): 90. CrossRef
Descriptive Epidemiology and Prognostic Significance of Diaphragm Thickness in the General Population: The Nagahama Study
Yasuharu Tabara, Takeshi Matsumoto, Kimihiko Murase, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Kazuya Setoh, Tomoko Wakamura, Toyohiro Hirai, Kazuo Chin, Fumihiko Matsuda
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Diaphragm thickness and ICU admission risk in elderly COVID-19 patients: a CT-based analysis
Mercan Tastemur, Cagla Ozdemir, Esin Olcucuoğlu, Gunes Arik, Ihsan Ates, Kamile Silay
BMC Pulmonary Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationship Between Handgrip Strength and Lung Function in Adults: The Role of Sex and Age
Shiqi Deng, Urme Binte Sayeed, Yukiko Wagatsuma
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Definition, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory sarcopenia
Shinjiro Miyazaki, Akira Tamaki, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Hidenori Arai
Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care.2024; 27(3): 210. CrossRef
Diaphragm Ultrasound in Different Clinical Scenarios: A Review with a Focus on Older Patients
Carmine Siniscalchi, Antonio Nouvenne, Nicoletta Cerundolo, Tiziana Meschi, Andrea Ticinesi
Geriatrics.2024; 9(3): 70. CrossRef
Appropriate body position and site for diaphragm ultrasound: Comparison with inspiratory mouth pressure
Kazunori Okada, Akiko Kamiya, Yusuke Yanagi, Masahiro Nakabachi, Yasuhiro Hayashi, Michito Murayama, Sanae Kaga
WFUMB Ultrasound Open.2024; 2(2): 100052. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Functional Reserve and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with CHF in Clinical Trials (Consent Document of the Editorial board of the Journal of Cardiology, the Board of the Society of Specialists in Heart Failure (SSHF) and Working Group “N
Yu. L. Begrambekova, G. P. Arutynov, M. G. Glezer, N. A. Karanadze, E. A. Kolesnikova, T. A. Lelyavina, A. S. Lishuta, Ya. A. Orlova, Yu. N. Belenkov
Kardiologiia.2024; 64(7): 4. CrossRef
Validating respiratory sarcopenia diagnostic criteria by mortality based on a position paper by four professional organizations: Insights from the Otassha study
Takeshi Kera, Hisashi Kawai, Manami Ejiri, Keigo Imamura, Hirohiko Hirano, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Shuichi Obuchi
Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2024; 24(9): 948. CrossRef
Evaluating Respiratory Muscle Strength in Sarcopenia Screening among Older Men in South Korea: A Retrospective Analysis
Tae Sung Park, Sa-Eun Park, Ki-Hun Kim, Sang Hun Kim, Myung Hun Jang, Myung-Jun Shin, Yun Kyung Jeon
The World Journal of Men's Health.2024; 42(4): 890. CrossRef
Tongue pressure, respiratory muscle and limb strength and functional exercise capacity in oesophageal cancer
Takuya Fukushima, Makoto Yamasaki, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Yasuaki Arima, Takashi Harino, Soshi Hori, Yuki Hashimoto, Masaya Kotsuka, Kentaro Inoue, Kimitaka Hase, Jiro Nakano
BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care.2024; 14(4): 434. CrossRef

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Brain disorders

Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Early Subacute Phase of Stroke Enhances Angiogenic Mechanisms in Rats: Yookyung Lee, Byung-Mo Oh, Sung-Hye Park, Tai Ryoon Han; Ann Rehabil Med 2022;46(5):228-236. Published online October 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.22040

Objective
To characterize the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induced changes in angiogenic mechanisms across different brain regions.
Methods
Seventy-nine adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion (day 0) and then treated with 1-Hz, 20-Hz, or sham stimulation of their lesioned hemispheres for 2 weeks. The stimulation intensity was set to 100% of the motor threshold. The neurological function was assessed on days 3, 10, and 17. The infarct volume and angiogenesis were measured by histology, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Brain tissue was harvested from the ischemic core (IC), ischemic border zone (BZ), and contralateral homologous cortex (CH).
Results
Optical density of angiopoietin1 and synaptophysin in the IC was significantly greater in the low-frequency group than in the sham group (p=0.03 and p=0.03, respectively). The 1-Hz rTMS significantly increased the level of Akt phosphorylation in the BZ (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation was increased in the IC (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz), BZ (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz), and CH (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz and p<0.05 vs. sham). Real-time PCR demonstrated that low-frequency stimulation significantly increased the transcriptional activity of the TIE2 gene in the IC (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Low-frequency rTMS of the ipsilesional hemisphere in the early subacute phase of stroke promotes the expression of angiogenic factors and related genes in the brain, particularly in the injured area.

Citations

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Novel emerging therapy for erectile dysfunction: efficacy and safety of flat magnetic stimulation
Daniel Galimberti, Agustina Vila Echague, Ery A. Ko, Laura Pieri, Alessandra Comito, Irene Fusco, Tiziano Zingoni
Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Determining the Optimal Stimulation Sessions for TMS-Induced Recovery of Upper Extremity Motor Function Post Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Yichen Lv, Jack Jiaqi Zhang, Kui Wang, Leilei Ju, Hongying Zhang, Yuehan Zhao, Yao Pan, Jianwei Gong, Xin Wang, Kenneth N. K. Fong
Brain Sciences.2023; 13(12): 1662. CrossRef

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Corrigendum

Correction: Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Korean-Language Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-K): Sora Baek, Hee-won Park, Yookyung Lee, Sherry L. Grace, Won-Seok Kim; Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(1):118-118. Published online February 28, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.1.118; Corrects: Ann Rehabil Med 2017;41(5):858

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric validation of the Provider Attitudes toward Cardiac Rehabilitation and Referral (PACRR-C) Scale in Simplified Chinese
Ding Yunmei, Cui Yan, Gu Jiayun, Sherry L. Grace
Chronic Illness.2024; 20(3): 469. CrossRef

4,866 View
67 Download
1 Web of Science
1 Crossref

Original Articles

A Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Changes in Severity of Cervical Spinal Stenosis in Flexion and Extension: Yookyung Lee, Seung Yeun Kim, Keewon Kim; Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(4):584-590. Published online August 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.584

Abstract
PDF

Objective
To evaluate changes in the severity of cervical spinal stenosis (CSS) in flexion and extension and determine whether the rate of change with motion varied with severity.
Methods
The study included 92 symptomatic patients with a mean age of 57.80±10.41, who underwent cervical spine dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. The severity of stenosis was evaluated using a semi-quantitative CSS score, ranging from 0 (no spinal stenosis) to 18 (severe stenosis). Radiological evaluation included flexion, neutral, and extension measurements, as determined by the C2–C7 Cobb angle. The severity of stenosis was represented by the total CSS score. The total CSS score in flexion, neutral, and extension positions was compared using repeated measures one-way analysis of variance. The change rate of stenosis per angle motion (CRSPAM) was defined as change in total CSS score divided by change in Cobb angle. The correlation of CRSPAM with severity of stenosis, represented by total CSS score in neutral position, was evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis.
Results
The total CSS score was significantly higher in extension (6.04±2.68) than in neutral position (5.25±2.47) (p<0.001), and significantly higher in neutral than in flexion position (4.40±2.45) (p<0.001). The CRSPAM was significantly and positively correlated with total CSS score in neutral position in the flexion-extension range (r=0.22, p=0.04) and flexion-neutral range (r=0.27, p=0.01).
Conclusion
In symptomatic CSS patients, the radiological severity of stenosis increases with extension and decreases with flexion. In patients with CSS, the rate of variation in spinal stenosis increases with increased severity.

Citations

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Predictive value of magnetic resonance imaging indications of spinal cord swelling for cervical spondylotic myelopathy prognosis
Xiao-Nan Tian, Li Zhang, Hong-Ran Liu, Xue-Song Zhang, Ying-Cai Sun, Yong Wang
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Favorable cervical extension capacity preventing loss of cervical lordosis after laminoplasty due to spontaneous restoration of initial lordosis
Xiaofei Cheng, Zhiqian Chen, Xiaojiang Sun, Changqing Zhao, Jie Zhao
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Dynamic Flexion-Extension Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cervical Spine: An Evolutionary Tool for Diagnosis and Management of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Ali Mahdavi, Sina Rasti
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Added value of dynamic MRI in assessment of cervical spondylodegenerative diseases
Menna Ahmad Mohamed Abdalhak, Hossam Mousa Sakr, Mennatallah Hatem Shalaby, Shaimaa Elmetwally El diasty
Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Flexion/Extension Cervical Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Potentially Useful Tool for Decision-Making in Patients with Symptomatic Degenerative Cervical Spine
Hazem M.A. Alkosha, Mohamed A. El Adalany, Hesham Elsobky, Asharaf S. Zidan, Amin Sabry, Basem I. Awad
World Neurosurgery.2022; 164: e1078. CrossRef
Best cutoff score of cervical-pedicle thickness as a morphological parameter for predicting cervical central stenosis
Jungho Choi, Hyung-Bok Park, Taeha Lim, Shin Wook Yi, Sooho Lee, Sukhee Park, SoYoon Park, Jungmin Yi, Young Uk Kim
Medicine.2022; 101(33): e30014. CrossRef
Multidimensional assessment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients. Usefulness of a comprehensive score system
Fabio Pilato, Rosalinda Calandrelli, Marisa Distefano, Francesco Ciro Tamburrelli
Neurological Sciences.2021; 42(4): 1507. CrossRef
The value of dynamic MRI in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a protocol for a prospective randomized clinical trial
Nanfang Xu, Youyu Zhang, Guangjin Zhou, Qiang Zhao, Shaobo Wang
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Dynamic Cord Compression Causing Cervical Myelopathy
Andrei Fernandes Joaquim, Griffin R. Baum, Lee A. Tan, K. Daniel Riew
Neurospine.2019; 16(3): 448. CrossRef

8,274 View
161 Download
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Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Korean-Language Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-K): Sora Baek, Hee-won Park, Yookyung Lee, Sherry L. Grace, Won-Seok Kim; Ann Rehabil Med 2017;41(5):858-867. Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2017.41.5.858; Correction in: Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(1):118

Abstract
PDF

Objective

To perform a translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS) for use in Korea, followed by psychometric validation. The CRBS was developed to assess patients' perception of the degree to which patient, provider and health system-level barriers affect their cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participation.

Methods

The CRBS consists of 21 items (barriers to adherence) rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The first phase was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the CRBS to the Korean language. After back-translation, both versions were reviewed by a committee. The face validity was assessed in a sample of Korean patients (n=53) with history of acute myocardial infarction that did not participate in CR through semi-structured interviews. The second phase was to assess the construct and criterion validity of the Korean translation as well as internal reliability, through administration of the translated version in 104 patients, principle component analysis with varimax rotation and cross-referencing against CR use, respectively.

Results

The length, readability, and clarity of the questionnaire were rated well, demonstrating face validity. Analysis revealed a six-factor solution, demonstrating construct validity. Cronbach's alpha was greater than 0.65. Barriers rated highest included not knowing about CR and not being contacted by a program. The mean CRBS score was significantly higher among non-attendees (2.71±0.26) than CR attendees (2.51±0.18) (p<0.01).

Conclusion

The Korean version of CRBS has demonstrated face, content and criterion validity, suggesting it may be useful for assessing barriers to CR utilization in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Translation, Culture-Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale Among Chinese Older Population
Sisi Zhang, Miao Yu, Yu Zhang, Conying Liang, Dayi Hu, Dao Wen Wang, Xiaoping Meng
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2024; Volume 17: 723. CrossRef
Psychometric validation of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale Revised (CRBS-R) for hybrid delivery
Sherry L Grace, Mahdieh Ghanbari, Mayara Moura Alves da Cruz, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi
BMJ Open.2024; 14(10): e090261. CrossRef
Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Arabic Version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-A) with Strategies to Mitigate Barriers
Raghdah Aljehani, Sherry L. Grace, Aseel Aburub, Karam Turk-Adawi, Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi
Healthcare.2023; 11(8): 1196. CrossRef
Global perspectives on heart disease rehabilitation and secondary prevention: a scientific statement from the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions, European Association of Preventive Cardiology, and International Council of Cardiov
Rod S Taylor, Suzanne Fredericks, Ian Jones, Lis Neubeck, Julie Sanders, Noemi De Stoutz, David R Thompson, Deepti N Wadhwa, Sherry L Grace
European Heart Journal.2023; 44(28): 2515. CrossRef
Women’s Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers: Results of the International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation’s First Global Assessment
Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi, Won-Seok Kim, Seungwoo Cha, Raghdah Aljehani, Mayara Moura Alves Cruz, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Garyfallia Pepera, Xia Liu, Zhimin Xu, Lela Maskhulia, Elio Venturini, Hung-Jui Chuang, Danielle Gomes Pereira, Patricia Fer
Canadian Journal of Cardiology.2023; 39(11): S375. CrossRef
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Giovanna Lombardi Bonini Borges, Mayara Moura Alves da Cruz, Ana Laura Ricci-Vitor, Paula Fernanda da Silva, Sherry Lynn Grace, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei
Sao Paulo Medical Journal.2022; 140(1): 108. CrossRef
Evaluation of Current Resources Available for Community-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Korea: A Nationwide Survey Study
Chul Kim, Jidong Sung, Jae-Young Han, Sungju Jee, Jang Woo Lee, Jong Hwa Lee, Won-Seok Kim, Heui Je Bang, Sora Baek, Kyung Lim Joa, Ae Ryoung Kim, So Young Lee, Jihee Kim, Chung Reen Kim, Oh Pum Kwon
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(8): 4351. CrossRef
Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Validation of the Chinese/Mandarin Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-C/M)
Xia Liu, Adeleke Fowokan, Sherry L. Grace, Biao Ding, Shu Meng, Xiu Chen, Yinghua Xia, Yaqing Zhang, Nicola Val
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Mahdieh Ghanbari-Firoozabadi, Masoud Mirzaei, Mohammadreza Vafaii Nasab, Sherry L Grace, Hassan Okati-Aliabad, Farzan Madadizadeh, Hakimeh Dadras, Najmeh Amrolahi, Mohamadmehdi Entezari, Seyed Mahmood Sadrbafghi
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Barriers to Outpatient Hospital-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Korean Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Hyo Won Im, Sora Baek, Sungju Jee, Jung-Min Ahn, Myung Woo Park, Won-Seok Kim
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