Objective
To present the branching patterns and anatomical course of the common fibular nerve (CFN) and its relationship with fibular head (FH).
Methods
A total of 21 limbs from 12 fresh cadavers were dissected. The FH width (FH_width), distance between the FH and CFN (FH_CFN), and thickness of the nerve were measured. The ratio of the FH_CFN to FH_width was calculated as follows: <1, cross type and ≥1, posterior type. Angle between the CFN and vertical line of the lower limb 5 cm proximal to the tip of the FH was measured. Branching patterns of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf (LCNC) were classified into four types according to its origin and direction as follows: type 1a, lateral margin of the CFN; type 1b, medial margin of the CFN; type 2, lateral sural cutaneous nerve (LSCN); and type 3, CFN and LSCN.
Results
In the cross type (15 cases, 71.4%), the ratio of FH_CFN/FH_width was 0.83 and the angle was 13.0°. In the posterior type (6 cases, 28.6%), the ratio was 1.04 and the angle was 11.0°. In the branching patterns of LCNC, type 2 was the most common (10 cases), followed by types 1a and 1b (both, 5 cases).
Conclusion
Location of the CFN around the FH might be related to the development of its neuropathy, especially in the cross type of CFN. The LCNC showed various branching patterns and direction, which could be associated with difficulties of electrophysiologic testing.

Citations

• Axonal profiling of the common fibular nerve and its branches: Their functional composition and clinical implications
  Taeyeon Kim, Tae‐Hyeon Cho, Shin Hyung Kim, Hun‐Mu Yang
  Clinical Anatomy.2025; 38(7): 734.     CrossRef
• Intraneural Topography and Branching Patterns of the Common Peroneal Nerve: Studying the Feasibility of Distal Nerve Transfers
  Elliot L.H. Le, Taylor H. Allenby, Marlie Fisher, Ryan S. Constantine, Colin T. McNamara, Caleb Barnhill, Anne Engemann, Orlando Merced-O’Neill, Matthew L. Iorio
  Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open.2024; 12(10): e6258.     CrossRef
• Fluoroscopically-guided therapeutic injection of the proximal tibiofibular joint in a patient with lateral knee pain
  Cooper Dean, Ivan Davis, David Alvarez
  Radiology Case Reports.2020; 15(12): 2510.     CrossRef

Objective
To identify the center of extensor indicis (EI) muscle through cadaver dissection and compare the accuracy of different techniques for needle electromyography (EMG) electrode insertion.
Methods
Eighteen upper limbs of 10 adult cadavers were dissected. The center of trigonal EI muscle was defined as the point where the three medians of the triangle intersect. Three different needle electrode insertion techniques were introduced: M1, 2.5 cm above the lower border of ulnar styloid process (USP), lateral aspect of the ulna; M2, 2 finger breadths (FB) proximal to USP, lateral aspect of the ulna; and M3, distal fourth of the forearm, lateral aspect of the ulna. The distance from USP to the center (X) parallel to the line between radial head to USP, and from medial border of ulna to the center (Y) were measured. The distances between 3 different points (M1– M3) and the center were measured (marked as D1, D2, and D3, respectively).
Results
The median value of X was 48.3 mm and that of Y was 7.2 mm. The median values of D1, D2 and D3 were 23.3 mm, 13.3 mm and 9.0 mm, respectively.
Conclusion
The center of EI muscle is located approximately 4.8 cm proximal to USP level and 7.2 mm lateral to the medial border of the ulna. Among the three methods, the technique placing the needle electrode at distal fourth of the forearm and lateral to the radial side of the ulna bone (M3) is the most accurate and closest to the center of the EI muscle.

Citations

• Examining Motor Unit Properties of Upper Limb Muscles Near the Zone of Injury in Chronic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
  Mathew I.B. Debenham, Emmanuel Ogalo, Harvey Wu, Chris J. McNeil, Brian H. Dalton, Daniel Stashuk, Michael J. Berger
  Journal of Neurotrauma.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Ultrasonographic Analysis of Optimal Needle Placement for Extensor Indicis
  Jin Young Kim, Hyun Seok, Sang-Hyun Kim, Yoon-Hee Choi, Jun Young Ahn, Seung Yeol Lee
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2020; 44(6): 450.     CrossRef