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Case Reports

Brain disorders

Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis After Botulinum Toxin Injection: A Case Report
Nana Lim, Geun Su Lee, Ki Hong Won, Jin Sun Kang, Sung Hoon Lee, Eun Young Kang, Hyun Kyung Lee, Youn Kyung Cho
Ann Rehabil Med 2021;45(2):160-164.   Published online April 14, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.20118
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection is widely used to improve spasticity. However, after the treatment, the patient may experience pain, inflammation, swelling and redness at the injection site. In this case, we addressed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after BoNT treatment of the upper limb. A male aged 37 years had spasticity and dystonia in his left upper extremity. BoNT-A 100 U was injected into the left biceps brachii and an equal amount into the brachialis to relieve spasticity. After three days, he developed redness and painful swelling in the left upper arm and the next day, through the upper extremity computed tomography venography, DVT was identified in the left cephalic vein. The thrombus resolved after the anticoagulation therapy with rivaroxaban (Xarelto). We hypothesized the role of mainly three mechanisms in the development of DVT in this case: repetitive strenuous activity, relative stasis due to reduced muscle tone, and possible direct mechanical damage to the vessel wall.
  • 5,922 View
  • 188 Download

Dysphagia

Unusual Pharyngo-Esophageal Dysphagia Caused by a High-Riding Right Brachiocephalic Artery
Ki Hoon Park, Sora Baek, Eun Kyoung Kang
Ann Rehabil Med 2021;45(1):79-82.   Published online February 9, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.20057
High-riding right brachiocephalic and subclavian arteries are often asymptomatic and rare vascular variations. We present a patient with high-riding right brachiocephalic and subclavian arteries that caused compressive pharyngeal and cervical esophageal dysphagia. An 82-year-old woman presented to our hospital with dysphagia that worsened with solid food. A pulsatile lump was observed on the right neck side. A videofluoroscopic swallowing study showed a deviated food bolus movement anterolaterally from the normal vertical pharyngoesophageal transition, with a filling defect in the lower pharynx through the upper esophagus. Neck computed tomography (CT) showed high-riding right brachiocephalic and subclavian arteries and a tortuous right common carotid artery located adjacent to the trachea in the cervical area. The cervical midline structures were deviated to the left neck side. A neck mass with vascular variation should be considered as a cause of dysphagia that worsens with solid food; CT should be considered to determine its cause.

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  • High-Riding Inominate Artery: Challenge During Tracheostomy
    E-Ting Wannitta Wong, Jeyasakthy Saniasiaya, Anas Tharek, Nur Syazwani Sallehuddin
    Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery.2023; 75(4): 3878.     CrossRef
  • 6,627 View
  • 118 Download
  • 1 Crossref
Unilateral Diaphragm Paralysis Associated With Neurosyphilis: A Case Report
Sungchul Huh, Jae Heun Chung, Han Jo Kwon, Hyun-Yoon Ko
Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(4):338-341.   Published online July 28, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.19216
Diaphragm dysfunction can originate from various etiologies, and bilaterality of the dysfunction depends on the cause. Symptoms of diaphragm dysfunction vary depending on the degree of phrenic nerve denervation, spinal cord lesion, and involvement of the diaphragm. Several infectious diaphragmatic dysfunctions have been reported, including the human immunodeficiency virus, poliovirus, West Nile virus, and dengue virus. Here, we report a case of unilateral diaphragm paralysis in a 34-year-old man with neurosyphilis.

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  • TEMPORARY REMOVAL : Diagnóstico de parálisis diafragmática de novo en el estudio de disnea en atención hospitalaria
    M.J. Pablo Zaro, I. Benavente Aguilar, Y. Lasierra Périz, D. Herrero Navarro, E. Briz Muñoz, F.J. Garrapiz López, J. Cegoñino de Sus, S. García Sáez, L. Borderías Clau
    Neurología.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Diaphragm Muscle Atrophy Contributes to Low Physical Capacity in COVID-19 Survivors
    Janusz Kocjan, Mateusz Rydel, Jan Szczegielniak, Katarzyna Bogacz, Mariusz Adamek
    Life.2024; 14(9): 1117.     CrossRef
  • Diaphragm Function Parameters in Patients with Severe COVID-19
    A. Y. Yakovlev, A. A. Pevnev, M. S. Belous, V. N. Maksimychev, S. I. Chistyakov
    General Reanimatology.2022; 18(1): 17.     CrossRef
  • 5,861 View
  • 196 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
Rare Occurrence of Internal Auditory Canal Stenosis Accompanied With Congenital Facial Palsy in a 3-Month-Old Infant: A Case Report
Se-Heum Park, Woo-Jin Kim, Yun-Jung Lim, Cheol-Won On, Ji-Ho Park, Eun-Ho Min
Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(3):256-259.   Published online June 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.19148
Internal auditory canal (IAC) stenosis with hypoplasia of the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves is a rare cause of congenital facial palsy. In this case report, a 3-month-old female infant was referred for a neurological developmental assessment for developmental delay and congenital facial palsy. Upon evaluation of developmental delay, hearing loss was detected. Following a magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain and a computed tomography scan of the temporal bone, IAC stenosis with hypoplasia of facial and vestibular nerves was diagnosed. This is a rare case of IAC stenosis in an infant with initial presentations of left facial palsy and developmental delay associated with hearing loss in the left ear. We strongly suggest that IAC stenosis be considered a cause of congenital facial palsy in infants, especially in patients with developmental delay. In infants with congenital facial palsy, a thorough physical examination and neurological developmental assessment should be performed.

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  • Unilateral Double-Barreled Internal Auditory Meatus with Severe Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Diagnostic Challenge
    G Selvarajan, R Vaishnavi, P Mithun Anand, Balaji Jeevanandham
    Indian Journal of Otology.2023; 29(1): 66.     CrossRef
  • Unilateral Double-Barreled Internal Auditory Meatus with Severe Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    G. Selvarajan, R. Vaishnavi, Mithun Anand Prateep, Balaji Jeevanandham
    Indian Journal of Otology.2022; 28(1): 84.     CrossRef
  • 5,637 View
  • 113 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency
Jihyun Park, Seong-Woong Kang, Won Ah Choi, Yewon Lee, Han Eol Cho
Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(2):165-170.   Published online April 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2020.44.2.165
Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a rare distal arthrogryposis syndrome. There are few reports on the respiratory insufficiency of FSS. Additionally, there is no detailed information on pulmonary functional evaluation. A 17-year-old male patient with FSS developed respiratory failure, leading him to be admitted to hospital several times for evaluation and treatment. Of those times he was admitted, two were due to pneumonia. His pulmonary functions were indicative of a restrictive lung disease potentially caused by severe scoliosis. After a non-invasive ventilatorwas applied correctly to the patient, pulmonary hypertension was normalized. His pulmonary function has been maintained for 13 years. Since receiving proper respiratory care, which includes assisted coughing methods, the patient has not developed pneumonia. It is important to properly evaluate the pulmonary function of patients who have FSS and scoliosis to eliminate the risk of long-term respiratory complications.

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  • Letter: Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency (Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44:165-70)
    Mikaela I. Poling, Craig R. Dufresne
    Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2020; 44(5): 409.     CrossRef
  • Response: Precise Pulmonary Function Evaluation and Management of a Patient With Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Associated With Recurrent Pneumonia and Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency (Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44:165-70)
    Jihyun Park, Seong-Woong Kang, Won Ah Choi, Yewon Lee, Han Eol Cho
    Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2020; 44(5): 411.     CrossRef
  • 6,043 View
  • 161 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
Incidental Diagnosis of Pediatric Arytenoid Cartilage Dislocation During Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study: A Case Report
Yonghyun Lee, Hankyul Park, Jae Eun Park, Seung Ki Kim, Eun Sook Park, Dong-wook Rha
Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(1):94-98.   Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2020.44.1.94
Arytenoid cartilage dislocation is one of the most common mechanical causes of vocal fold immobility. The most common etiologies are intubation and external trauma, but its incidence is lower than 0.1%. Its symptoms include dysphonia, vocal fatigue, loss of vocal control, breathiness, odynophagia, dysphagia, dyspnea, and cough. Although there are some reports of arytenoid cartilage dislocation in adults, there are only few reports on its occurrence in children. It is particularly difficult to detect the symptoms of arytenoid cartilage dislocation in uncooperative pediatric patients with brain lesions without verbal output or voluntary expression. We report a case of arytenoid cartilage dislocation with incidental findings in a videofluoroscopic swallowing study performed to evaluate the swallowing function.

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  • Incidence and Risk Factors of Arytenoid Dislocation Following Endotracheal Intubation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Nasser Saad Alalyani, Alhanouf Abdulaziz Alhedaithy, Hind Khaled Alshammari, Rafeef I AlHajress, Rakan H Alelyani, Malak Fawaz Alshammari, Abdullah Hassan Alhalafi, Amani Alharbi, Nada Aldabal
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 8,681 View
  • 125 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
Two Pediatric Cases of Successful Management of Postictal Transient Urinary Retention
Ho Eun Park, Je-Sang Lee, Dong Min Kim, Yong Beom Shin
Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(1):90-93.   Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2020.44.1.90
We report two cases of postictal urinary retention in pediatric patients with cognitive impairment. Two girls with intellectual disabilities, concomitant cerebral palsy (case 1) and Rett syndrome (case 2), developed urinary retention following seizures. Their caregivers brought them to the hospital with complaints of abdominal distension. After excluding neurological progression, they were referred to the rehabilitation clinic for the evaluation and management of postictal urinary retention. We followed two different approaches in each case to restore normal urination. While serial manual cystometrograms were performed in case 1, clean intermittent catheterization with a voiding diary was performed in case 2 until restoration of normal urination. Based on these pediatric cases of successfully managed postictal urinary retention, we suggest that more attention may be needed for children with cognitive impairment to diagnose and manage postictal urinary retention.

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  • Neurogenic Bladder: A Rare Autonomic Sign in a Patient With Preserved Speech Variant (Zappella Variant) Rett Syndrome
    Özge Tanıdır Artan, Büşranur Çavdarlı, Umut Selda Bayrakçı, Bilge Karabulut, Aydan Değerliyurt
    Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Acute urinary retention in pediatric cerebral palsy: Is there an optimal management strategy?
    Laura B. Cornwell, Emily Ewing, Jeffrey Algra, George J. Chiang
    Journal of Pediatric Urology.2021; 17(4): 527.e1.     CrossRef
  • 8,460 View
  • 104 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
Thoracolumbar Junction Syndrome Accompanying Renal Artery Stenosis: A Case Report
Kyudong Noh, Jong Burm Jung, Jeong Won Seong, Doh-Eui Kim, Dongrak Kwon, Yuntae Kim
Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(1):85-89.   Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2020.44.1.85
Flank pain is a common reason for visits to the emergency room. The most common reason warranting hospital visits are urology-related problems. However, there are many other causes, such as musculoskeletal lesions, that difficult to achieve a correct diagnosis. Here, we describe a rare case of flank pain caused by thoracolumbar junction syndrome, accompanying renal artery stenosis. A 54-year-old male with hypertension presented with severe left flank pain for 1 week. Initially, he was diagnosed with left renal artery stenosis by computed tomography and decreased renal function on renal scan (Tc-99m DTPA). Although a stent was inserted into the left renal artery, flank pain persisted with only minor improvement. Through detailed physical examination, he was finally diagnosed with thoracolumbar junction syndrome. After three injections in the left deep paravertebral muscles at the T10–T12 levels, flank pain completely ceased. Clinicians must consider thoracolumbar junction syndrome, when treating patients with flank pain.
  • 7,312 View
  • 146 Download
Secondary Lymphedema After Intestinal Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Ji Won Hong, Ho Eun Park, Myung Jun Shin, Yong Beom Shin, Jin A Yoon
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(6):725-729.   Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.6.725
Lymphedema, a chronic disease that lowers patients’ quality of life, is categorized as primary or secondary. Secondary lymphedema can be improved by treating the underlying cause. However, in many cases, efforts are not made to identify the primary cause of lymphedema and treatment is targeted at the edema itself, resulting in misdiagnosis. Here, we describe the case of a 61-year-old man with right leg edema of unknown cause that had persisted for 3 years. Intestinal tuberculosis was confirmed during a re-evaluation of the cause, and his symptoms improved after anti-tuberculous treatment. This improvement was assessed qualitatively by indocyanine green lymphography before and after treatment, as well as by observation of the clinical symptoms. Lower extremity lymphedema caused by intestinal tuberculosis is extremely rare, and this case reveals the importance of continuing to identify the causes of resistant pathologies.

Citations

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  • Recombinant VEGF-C (Cys156Ser) improves mesenteric lymphatic drainage and gut immune surveillance in experimental cirrhosis
    Pinky Juneja, Syed Nazrin Ruhina Rahman, Deepika Jakhar, Akash Kumar Mourya, Dinesh M. Tripathi, Impreet Kaur, Vaibhav Tiwari, Sumati Rohilla, Abhishek Gupta, Preety Rawal, Sukriti Baweja, Archana Rastogi, V.G.M. Naidu, Shiv K. Sarin, Subham Banerjee, Sav
    JHEP Reports.2023; 5(10): 100816.     CrossRef
  • Acquired lymphedema: Molecular contributors and future directions for developing intervention strategies
    Ika Nurlaila, Kangsan Roh, Chang-Hwan Yeom, Hee Kang, Sukchan Lee
    Frontiers in Pharmacology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 6,390 View
  • 103 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
Pharyngeal Dystonia Misdiagnosed as Cricopharyngeal Dysphagia Successfully Treated by Pharmacotherapy
Ho Eun Park, Myung Jun Shin, Je-Sang Lee, Yong Beom Shin
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(6):720-724.   Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.6.720
A 43-year-old woman suffered from drooling and dysphagia after a stroke in the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery territory. Videofluoroscopic swallowing study showed compatible findings of cricopharyngeal dysphagia. Despite the injection of botulinum neurotoxin, no symptom improvement was achieved and pharyngeal dystonia was considered as the cause. Medications for dystonia dramatically helped with saliva control and resulted in a small improvement in the progression of food from the pharyngeal to esophageal phase. After adjusting the drug dose, the patient was able to perform social activities without drooling. Moreover, she could consume food orally; however, this was limited to small amounts of liquid, and the main method of nutrition support was via an orogastric tube. Therefore, we suggest that physicians should make a differential diagnosis of combined dystonia in patients complaining of dysphagia by esophageal manometry and electromyography.
  • 6,863 View
  • 97 Download
Niemann-Pick Disease Type C Misdiagnosed as Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report
Eun Jae Ko, In Young Sung, Han-Wook Yoo
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(5):621-624.   Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.5.621
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare autosomal recessive neurovisceral lysosomal lipid storage disorder. The clinical manifestations of the disorder are variable. This report describes the case of a 27-month-old girl with NP-C whose condition had been misdiagnosed as spastic cerebral palsy (CP). She had spasticity, particularly at both ankles, and gait disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed findings suspicious of sequelae from a previous insult, such as periventricular leukomalacia, leading to the diagnosis of CP. However, she had a history of hepatosplenomegaly when she was a fetus and her motor development had deteriorated, with symptoms of vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, cataplexy, and ataxia developing gradually. Therefore, NP-C was considered and confirmed with a genetic study, which showed mutation of the NPC1 gene. Thus, if a child with CP-like symptoms presents with a deteriorating course and NP-C-specific symptoms, NP-C should be cautiously considered.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Clinical Characteristics Suggestive of a Genetic Cause in Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review
    Anna M. Janzing, Erik Eklund, Tom J. De Koning, Hendriekje Eggink
    Pediatric Neurology.2024; 153: 144.     CrossRef
  • Brain imaging in children with neonatal cholestatic liver disease: A systematic review
    Thora Wesenberg Helt, Lars Søndergaard Johansen, Daniel Faurholt‐Jepsen, Vibeke Andrée Larsen, Lise Borgwardt, Jann Mortensen, Vibeke Brix Christensen
    Acta Paediatrica.2024; 113(6): 1168.     CrossRef
  • How is cerebral palsy different from other childhood neurological disorders?
    Mercedes Cabezas-López
    Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology.2023; 9(2): 64.     CrossRef
  • Niemann-Pick Disease Type C Diagnosed Using Neonatal Cholestasis Gene Panel
    Sun Woo Park, Ji Hong Park, Hye Jeong Moon, Minsoo Shin, Jin Soo Moon, Jae Sung Ko
    The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(4): 240.     CrossRef
  • 5,569 View
  • 121 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
Significance of Sufficient Neck Flexion During Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Hirayama Disease: Report of Two Cases
Seung-Wook No, Duk Hyun Sung, Du Hwan Kim
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(5):615-620.   Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.5.615
It is difficult to distinguish Hirayama disease (HD) from other mimicking disorders in adolescent patients with distal upper limb weakness. The prevailing theory of HD postulates that the lower cervical cord is susceptible to compression during neck flexion because of insufficient growth of the dura relative to the spinal column. Confirmation of a dynamic change in the dorsal epidural space on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during neck flexion is essential for diagnosing HD. However, neck flexion MRI has not been routinely performed in juvenile patients with distal upper limb weakness in the absence of suspected HD. We report two cases of HD that were initially confused with other diseases because of insufficient or absent cervical flexion during MRI. Full-flexion MRI showed typical findings of HD in both cases. Our cases suggest that dynamic cervical MRI in the fully flexed position is necessary for evaluating suspected HD.
  • 6,319 View
  • 123 Download
Subacute Combined Degeneration Caused by Nitrous Oxide Intoxication: A Report of Two Cases
Cheol Choi, Taehee Kim, Ki Deok Park, Oh Kyung Lim, Ju Kang Lee
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(4):530-534.   Published online August 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.4.530
We report two cases of subacute combined degeneration (SCD) caused by nitrous oxide (N2O) gas intoxication, which is rarely reported in Korea. Two patients recreationally inhaled N2O gas daily for several months. They presented with paresthesia of limbs, voiding difficulty, and gait disturbance. The initial vitamin B12 levels were normal or decreased, but homocysteine levels of the two patients were increased. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed T2-weighted hyperintensity in the bilateral dorsal columns of the cervical spinal cord. Electromyography and somatosensory evoked potential tests for both patients suggested posterior column lesion of the spinal cord combined with sensorimotor polyneuropathy. According to these findings, we concluded that the two patients had SCD. The patient’s symptoms partially improved after cessation of N2O gas inhalation and the receiving of vitamin B12 supplementation therapy. As the incidence of recreational N2O gas inhalation is increasing in Korea, physicians must be alert to the N2O induced SCD in patients presenting with progressive myelopathy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Neurotoxicity mechanisms and clinical implications of six common recreational drugs
    Jing Wang, Yulei Hao, Di Ma, Liangshu Feng, Feng Yang, Pingxu An, Xingqi Su, Jiachun Feng
    Frontiers in Pharmacology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Current regulations in context: Scraping Australia's online nitrous oxide market
    Samuel Gresham, Jacques Eugene Raubenheimer
    International Journal of Drug Policy.2025; 139: 104773.     CrossRef
  • Neurological Manifestations Induced by Nitrous Oxide Abuse
    Maud Pichon, Loubna Majhadi, Anne-Marie Menn
    The Neurologist.2024; 29(2): 113.     CrossRef
  • It is time to take nitrous oxide seriously without waiting for more evidence of harms
    Julaine Allan, Jacqui Cameron, Helen Simpson, Kenny Kor
    Addiction.2024; 119(4): 619.     CrossRef
  • Nitrous oxide tank cold burn to the forearm: a case study and discussion of the literature
    Oliver Allen, Muireann Keating
    Emergency Nurse.2024; 32(4): 22.     CrossRef
  • Mechanisms and recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of nitrous oxide-induced peripheral neuropathy: a narrative review
    Xiaodi Zou, Fangyu Yi, Weijie Zhou, Yanzhao Dong, Ahmad Alhaskawi, Haiying Zhou, Sohaib Hasan Abdullah Ezzi, Vishnu Goutham Kota, Mohamed Hasan Abdulla Hasan Abdulla, Olga Alenikova, Sahar Ahmed Abdalbary, Hui Lu, Changxin Wang
    Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical case of funicular myelosis in combination with a concomitant genetic predisposition to folate cycle disorder
    O.D. Shulga , E.A. Popko, A.S. Chabanova , O.G. Kotsiuba , Q. Hussain
    Medicni perspektivi.2024; 29(2): 229.     CrossRef
  • Nitrous Oxide-Induced Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Myelopathy in Whippets Abusers: A Report of Two Cases
    Fahim Barmak, Jamil Numan, Mariam Shabih, Justin Nolte, Jason Adams, Paul Ferguson, Syed Hashim A Inam
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Use of the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS) in the management of nitrous oxide (N2O)-induced spinal cord injury
    Charlotte Buttery, Jonathan Birns, Jamie Gibson, Gareth David Jones
    BMJ Case Reports.2023; 16(2): e252529.     CrossRef
  • Severe length‐dependent peripheral polyneuropathy in a patient with subacute combined spinal cord degeneration secondary to recreational nitrous oxide abuse: A case report and literature review
    Ventzislav Bonev, Mark Wyatt, Matthew J. Barton, Michael A. Leitch
    Clinical Case Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Secondary to Nitrous Oxide Abuse
    Aamir Khan, Ayesha Zafar, Hira Hamid, Bilal Ahmad
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Case of Subacute Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Due to Vitamin B12 Deficiency Triggered by Nitrous Oxide Use
    Alvin Soh Weng Yan, Abuobeida Ali , Jordon Kong, Lewis Cooney, Junaid Akhtar, Tina Maheswaran, Michael Davies, Yash Prasad
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Update on Toxic Neuropathies
    Jannik Peters, Nathan P. Staff
    Current Treatment Options in Neurology.2022; 24(5): 203.     CrossRef
  • Peripheral polyneuropathy and acute psychosis from chronic nitrous oxide poisoning: A case report with literature review
    Radhika Sood, Thibault Parent
    Medicine.2022; 101(31): e28611.     CrossRef
  • Severe Isolated Peripheral Polyneuropathy without Myelopathy after Nitrous Oxide Abuse: A Case Report
    Seung-Min Baek, Seungbok Lee, Yu-Mi Kim, Eun-Sil Kim
    Journal of Electrodiagnosis and Neuromuscular Diseases.2022; 24(2): 50.     CrossRef
  • A Systematic Review of Recreational Nitrous Oxide Use: Implications for Policy, Service Delivery and Individuals
    Julaine Allan, Jacqui Cameron, Juliana Bruno
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(18): 11567.     CrossRef
  • Vitamin B12status in health and disease: a critical review. Diagnosis of deficiency and insufficiency – clinical and laboratory pitfalls
    Agata Sobczyńska-Malefora, Edgard Delvin, Andrew McCaddon, Kourosh R. Ahmadi, Dominic J. Harrington
    Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences.2021; 58(6): 399.     CrossRef
  • Nitrous Oxide Abuse‐Induced Subacute Combined Degeneration: Classic Neuroimaging Findings on MRI
    A.K. Kirsch, S.M. Allison, S.A. Kilanowski
    Neurographics.2021; 11(2): 72.     CrossRef
  • Spectrum of nitrous oxide intoxication related neurological disorders in Korea: a case series and literature review
    Jungsoo Lee, Yangmi Park, Hyunkee Kim, Nakhoon Kim, Wonjae Sung, Sanggon Lee, Jinseok Park
    Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology.2021; 23(2): 108.     CrossRef
  • Nitrous oxide‐related neurological disorders: Clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological findings
    Jiwei Jiang, Xiuli Shang, Xiaoting Wang, Hanze Chen, Wenyi Li, Yanli Wang, Jun Xu
    Brain and Behavior.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Serum copper decrease and cerebellar atrophy in patients with nitrous oxide-induced subacute combined degeneration: two cases report
    Jie Cao, Lusen Ran, Chenchen Liu, Zhijun Li
    BMC Neurology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Polyneuropathy Following Nitrous Oxide Abuse
    Jin Young Seo, Yerim Kim, Ji won Lee, Jong Seok Bae
    Korean Journal of Neuromuscular Disorders.2021; 13(2): 33.     CrossRef
  • Subacute Combined Degeneration from Nitrous Oxide Abuse
    Monique A. Mogensen, James R. Fink
    PM&R.2020; 12(4): 428.     CrossRef
  • Clinical, Electrophysiological and Radiological Features of Nitrous Oxide-Induced Neurological Disorders


    Lei Bao, Qing Li, Qingjie Li, Hao Chen, Ruixue Zhang, Hongjuan Shi, Guiyun Cui
    Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment.2020; Volume 16: 977.     CrossRef
  • Happy Balloon Induced Myeloneuropathy
    Soo-Hyun Park, Ho-Sang Yoon, Paul Kim, Nam-Hee Kim
    Journal of the Korean Neurological Association.2020; 38(4): 327.     CrossRef
  • 7,677 View
  • 409 Download
  • 18 Web of Science
  • 25 Crossref
Ten-Year Follow-Up of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study in a Patient With Congenital Mirror Movements: A Case Report
Eu-Deum Kim, Gi-Wook Kim, Yu Hui Won, Myoung-Hwan Ko, Jeong-Hwan Seo, Sung-Hee Park
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(4):524-529.   Published online August 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.4.524
Most studies concerning congenital mirror movements (CMMs) have been focused on the motor organization in the distal hand muscles exclusively. To the best of our knowledge, there is no data on motor organization pattern of lower extremities, and a scarcity of data on the significance of forearm and arm muscles in CMMs. Here, we describe the case of a 19-year-old boy presenting mirror movements. In these terms, a 10-year transcranial magnetic stimulation study demonstrated that the motor organization pattern of the arm muscles was different from that of distal hand and forearm muscles even in the same upper extremity, and that the lower extremities showed the same pathways as healthy children. Moreover, in this case, an ipsilateral motor evoked potentials (MEPs) for distal hand muscles increased in amplitude with age, even though the intensity of mirror movements decreased. In the arm muscles, however, it was concluded that the contralateral MEPs increased in amplitude with age.

Citations

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  • Safety and recommendations for TMS use in healthy subjects and patient populations, with updates on training, ethical and regulatory issues: Expert Guidelines
    Simone Rossi, Andrea Antal, Sven Bestmann, Marom Bikson, Carmen Brewer, Jürgen Brockmöller, Linda L. Carpenter, Massimo Cincotta, Robert Chen, Jeff D. Daskalakis, Vincenzo Di Lazzaro, Michael D. Fox, Mark S. George, Donald Gilbert, Vasilios K. Kimiskidis,
    Clinical Neurophysiology.2021; 132(1): 269.     CrossRef
  • Motor Organization in Schizencephaly: Outcomes of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Motor Tract Projections Correlate with the Different Domains of Hand Function
    Ju-Yul Yoon, Da-Sol Kim, Gi-Wook Kim, Myoung-Hwan Ko, Jeong-Hwan Seo, Yu Hui Won, Sung-Hee Park, Steven De Vleeschouwer
    BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mirror Movements in Acquired Neurological Disorders: A Mini-Review
    Ping Liu, Yuan Yuan, Ning Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu, Lihua Yu, Benyan Luo
    Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Heterozygous variants in DCC
    Sebastian Thams, Mominul Islam, Marie Lindefeldt, Ann Nordgren, Tobias Granberg, Bianca Tesi, Gisela Barbany, Daniel Nilsson, Martin Paucar
    Neurology Genetics.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,398 View
  • 106 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
Rehabilitation in Children With Sclerodermoid Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Case Series
Minji Jung, In Young Sung, Eun Jae Ko
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(3):347-351.   Published online June 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.3.347
Joint contracture in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is refractory to treatment, and tends to deteriorate gradually over time. There is scant clinical research focusing on timing and intensity of rehabilitation on joint contractures in children with sclerodermoid cGVHD after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We retrospectively reviewed rehabilitative therapeutic effects in 6 children with sclerodermoid cGVHD, whose clinical records documented their condition, before and after rehabilitation therapies. Three children who started treatment within a mean of 2 months after the onset of joint symptoms, and who underwent home-based exercise twice daily for 30 minutes showed more prominent improvement in range of motion compared with the other 3 children, who started rehabilitation therapy later than 6 months after onset of joint symptoms, without regular home-based exercise.

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  • Chronic graft-versus-host disease. Part II: Disease activity grading and therapeutic management
    Emily Baumrin, Alison W. Loren, Sandy J. Falk, Jacqueline W. Mays, Edward W. Cowen
    Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.2024; 90(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Management, and Supportive Care
    Connie R. Shi, Alana L. Ferreira, Manjit Kaur, David Xiang, Jean Caputo, Hannah K. Choe, Nada Hamad, Edward W. Cowen, Benjamin H. Kaffenberger, Emily Baumrin
    Transplantation and Cellular Therapy.2024; 30(9): S513.     CrossRef
  • Graft versus host disease-related eosinophilic fasciitis: cohort description and literature review
    Cristina Hidalgo Calleja, Daniel Martín Hidalgo, Concepción Román Curto, Lourdes Vázquez López, Estefanía Pérez López, Mónica Cabrero Calvo, Ana África Martín López, María Dolores Caballero Barrigón, Lucía Lopez-Corral
    Advances in Rheumatology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Rehabilitation Interventions in the Multidisciplinary Management of Patients With Sclerotic Graft-Versus-Host Disease of the Skin and Fascia
    Paula Molés-Poveda, Leora E. Comis, Galen O. Joe, Sandra A. Mitchell, Dominique C. Pichard, Rachel K. Rosenstein, Beth Solomon, Steven Z. Pavletic, Edward W. Cowen
    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2021; 102(4): 776.     CrossRef
  • 6,601 View
  • 104 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
Palmar Digital Neuropathy With Anatomical Variation of Median Nerve: Usefulness of Orthodromic Technique: A Case Report
Jun Soo Noh, Jong Woong Park, Hee-Kyu Kwon
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(3):341-346.   Published online June 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.3.341
Anatomic variation of palmar digital nerve pathways were reported in several cases. Selective exploration of palmar digital nerves with a nerve conduction study has been challenging, because of technical issues. We report a patient who received bilateral carpal tunnel release operation, complaining of a tingling sensation, and hypoesthesia on the middle and ring fingers. An electrodiagnostic study revealed a sensory neuropathy of palmar digital nerve of the left median nerve, supplying the ulnar side of the middle finger, and radial side of the ring finger. She underwent re-operation of open left carpal tunnel release, and a branching site of common digital nerves of the median nerve was identified not at the palm, but at a far proximal site around the distal wrist crease. Usefulness of an orthodromic sensory conduction study was clarified to eliminate volume conducted response or co-activation of nearby nerves in the patient with selective involvement of palmar digital nerve.

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  • Occupational nerve injuries
    Sandra L. Hearn, Shawn P. Jorgensen, Joelle M. Gabet, Gregory T. Carter
    Muscle & Nerve.2025; 71(5): 732.     CrossRef
  • Anatomical Variants of the Upper Limb Nerves: Clinical and Preoperative Relevance
    Christoph Schwabl, Romed Hörmann, Carola Johanna Strolz, Elena Drakonaki, Robert Zimmermann, Andrea Sabine Klauser
    Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology.2023; 27(02): 129.     CrossRef
  • Electrophysiological and Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Palmar Digital Nerve Injury in Distal Finger
    Jun Yeon Lee, Ji Yoon Kim, Ki Hoon Kim
    Journal of Electrodiagnosis and Neuromuscular Diseases.2023; 25(3): 125.     CrossRef
  • 11,467 View
  • 146 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
Outcomes of Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy Compared With Deep Brain Stimulation in a Patient With Dystonic Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report
Minji Chae, Seungbeen Hong, Na Young Jung, Won Seok Chang, Sung-Rae Cho
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(3):335-340.   Published online June 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.3.335
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in internal globus pallidus is considered to be a good option for controlling generalized dystonia in patients with this condition. In this relation, it is known that DBS has already been shown to have significant effects on primary dystonia, but is seen as controversial in secondary dystonia including cerebral palsy (CP). On the other hand, intrathecal baclofen (ITB) has been known to reduce spasticity and dystonia in patients who did not respond to oral medications or botulinum toxin treatment. Here, we report a patient with dystonic CP, who received the ITB pump implantation long after the DBS and who noted remarkable improvement in the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, Dystonia Rating Scale, Modified Barthel Index, and visual analog scale scores for pain after an ITB pump implantation was used as compared with DBS. To our knowledge, the present case report is the first to demonstrate the effects of an ITB pump on reducing pain and dystonia and improving quality of life and satisfaction, compared with DBS in a patient with CP.

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  • Intrathecal baclofen, selective dorsal rhizotomy, and extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the treatment of spasticity in cerebral palsy: a systematic review
    Amogh Kudva, Mickey E. Abraham, Justin Gold, Neal A. Patel, Julian L. Gendreau, Yehuda Herschman, Antonios Mammis
    Neurosurgical Review.2021; 44(6): 3209.     CrossRef
  • 6,861 View
  • 153 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
Correlation Between Vanishing White Matter Disease and Novel Heterozygous EIF2B3 Variants Using Next-Generation Sequencing: A Case Report
Sung Eun Hyun, Byung Se Choi, Ja-Hyun Jang, Inpyo Jeon, Dae-Hyun Jang, Ju Seok Ryu
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(2):234-238.   Published online April 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.2.234
Vanishing white matter (VWM) disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects the central nervous system of a patient, and is caused by the development of pathogenic mutations in any of the EIF2B1-5 genes. Any dysfunction of the EIF2B1-5 gene encoded eIF2B causes stress-provoked episodic rapid neurological deterioration in the patient, followed by a chronic progressive disease course. We present the case of a patient with an infantileonset VWM with the pre-described specific clinical course, subsequent neurological aggravation induced by each viral infection, and the noted consequent progression into a comatose state. Although the initial brain magnetic resonance imaging did not reveal specific pathognomonic signs of VWM to distinguish it from other types of demyelinating leukodystrophy, the next-generation sequencing studies identified heterozygous missense variants in EIF2B3, including a novel variant in exon 7 (C706G), as well as a 0.008% frequency reported variant in exon 2 (T89C). Hence, the characteristic of unbiased genomic sequencing can clinically affect patient care and decisionmaking, especially in terms of the consideration of genetic disorders such as leukoencephalopathy in pediatric patients.

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  • A (dis)integrated stress response: Genetic diseases of eIF2α regulators
    Alyssa M. English, Katelyn M. Green, Stephanie L. Moon
    WIREs RNA.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adult Onset Vanishing White Matter Disease: A Rare Case Report
    Govind Nagdev, Rajeshwari S Vhora, Gajanan Chavan, Gaurav Sahu
    Cureus.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Eif2b3 mutants recapitulate phenotypes of vanishing white matter disease and validate novel disease alleles in zebrafish
    Yu-Ri Lee, Se Hee Kim, Afif Ben-Mahmoud, Oc-Hee Kim, Tae-Ik Choi, Kang-Han Lee, Bonsu Ku, Juneyong Eum, Yun Kee, Sangkyu Lee, Jihoon Cha, DongJu Won, Seung-Tae Lee, Jong Rak Choi, Joon Soo Lee, Heung Dong Kim, Hyung-Goo Kim, Joshua L Bonkowsky, Hoon-Chul
    Human Molecular Genetics.2021; 30(5): 331.     CrossRef
  • Profile of Indian Children with Childhood Ataxia and Central Nervous System Hypomyelination/Vanishing White Matter Disease: A Single Center Experience from Southern India
    Vykuntaraju K. Gowda, Varunvenkat M. Srinivasan, Balamurugan Nagarajan, Maya Bhat, Sanjay K. Shivappa, Naveen Benakappa
    Journal of Pediatric Genetics.2021; 10(03): 205.     CrossRef
  • 6,119 View
  • 112 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref
Fahr’s Disease With Intracerebral Hemorrhage at the Uncommon Location: A Case Report
Baek Hee Jang, Seong Wook Son, Chung Reen Kim
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(2):230-233.   Published online April 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.2.230
Fahr’s disease (FD) is a rare neurologic disorder characterized by the symmetric and bilateral intracerebral calcification in a patient. We describe the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with gait disturbance, abnormal mentality, and visual field defect. The result of a brain computerized tomography showed spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in the right parieto-occipital area, and also showed the incidence of symmetric and bilateral intracerebral calcification. Moreover, laboratory studies indicated characteristic hypoparathyroidism. This brings us to understand that additionally, one of her sons also presented with similar intracerebral calcification, and was subsequently diagnosed with FD. Thus, her case was consistent with that of a patient experiencing FD. The patient had hypertension, which we now know might have caused the intracerebral hemorrhage. However, this patient’s brain lesions were in uncommon locations for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, and the lesions were noted as occurring away from the identified heavily calcified areas. Thus, it seemed that the massive calcification of cerebral vessels in the basal ganglia, the most common site of intracerebral hemorrhage, might have prevented a hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Eventually, an intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in an uncommon location in the patient’s brain.

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  • Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage with PFBC and beta thalassemia: a case report
    Kuangyang Yu, Jinwei Pang, Xiaobo Yang, Jianhua Peng, Yong Jiang
    BMC Neurology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Decoding brain calcifications: A single-center descriptive case series and examination of pathophysiological mechanisms
    Bahadar S Srichawla, Eduardo Andrade, Vincent Kipkorir
    SAGE Open Medical Case Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Fahr’s syndrome associated with hypoparathyroidism: A case report
    Mukesh Kumar Sarna, Pallaavi Goel, Varun Bhargava, Rishabh Parakh
    Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.2023; 53(4): 283.     CrossRef
  • Nontraumatic spontaneous bilateral intracerebral haemorrhage in a young patient: a rare case report
    Pramodman Singh Yadav, Sagar Panthi, Aakash Neupane, Manish Uprety, Rochana Acharya, Leeza Shah, Ajmat Ansari, Ujjwal Basnet, Raksha Bhattarai, Bhawani Khanal
    Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2023; 85(5): 1830.     CrossRef
  • Hypoparathyroidism with Fahr’s syndrome: A case report and review of the literature
    Yuan-Yuan Zhou, Ying Yang, Hong-Mei Qiu
    World Journal of Clinical Cases.2019; 7(21): 3662.     CrossRef
  • 5,788 View
  • 92 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
Constrained-Induced Dysarthria Therapy: Case Report
Stijn Roggeman, Chris Truyers, Iwona Safin, Eline Huysman, Bernard Dan
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(1):115-117.   Published online February 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.1.115
We describe a 33-year-old woman with chronic bulbar dysarthria after ischemic brainstem stroke who underwent a new form of constraint-induced therapy, namely constraint-induced dysarthria therapy, based on three principles: avoidance of supportive devices, intensive therapy, and gradually augmenting difficulty. After a 2-month intervention, improvement was noted for speech intelligibility, fluency, and intensity. This led to increased communicative participation, including during conversation situations, which has been maintained over a 12-month follow-up.

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  • A Systematic Review of Measures of Dysarthria Severity in Stroke Patients
    Rita Chiaramonte, Michele Vecchio
    PM&R.2021; 13(3): 314.     CrossRef
  • Dysarthria and stroke. The effectiveness of speech rehabilitation. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies
    Rita CHIARAMONTE, Michele VECCHIO
    European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Speech rehabilitation in dysarthria after stroke: a systematic review of the studies
    Rita Chiaramonte, Piero Pavone, Michele Vecchio
    European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 8,472 View
  • 168 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome or Syndrome of the Trephined: A Report of Two Cases
Hae-Yeon Park, Sehee Kim, Joon-Sung Kim, Seong Hoon Lim, Young Il Kim, Dong Hoon Lee, Bo Young Hong
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(1):111-114.   Published online February 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.1.111
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is commonly performed in patients with intracranial hypertension or brain edema due to traumatic brain injury. Infrequently, neurologic deteriorations accompanied by sunken scalp may occur after DC. We report two patients with traumatic subdural hemorrhage who had neurologic deteriorations accompanied by sunken scalp after DC. Neurologic function improved dramatically in both patients after cranioplasty. Monitoring for neurologic deterioration after craniectomy is advised. For patients showing neurologic deficit with a sunken scalp, early cranioplasty should be considered.

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  • Outcome of Early Cranioplasty in Trephine Syndrome or Paradoxical Brain Herniation: A Case Report and Literature Review
    Zarbakhta Ashfaq, Hamza Ahmed, Adnan Khan, Aisha Mufti
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Improved rehabilitation efficiency after cranioplasty in patients with sunken skin flap syndrome: a case series
    Nicole Diaz-Segarra, Neil Jasey
    Brain Injury.2024; 38(2): 61.     CrossRef
  • Modified frontal horn index: a novel risk predictor for sunken flap syndrome in the patients undergoing shunt procedures for post-decompressive craniectomy hydrocephalus
    Vikrant Yadav, Anurag Sahu, Ravi Shankar Prasad, Nityanand Pandey, Manish Kumar Mishra, Ravi Shekhar Pradhan
    The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Historical Vignette Portraying the Difference Between the “Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome” and the “Syndrome of the Trephined” in Decompressive Craniectomy
    Nathan Beucler, Arnaud Dagain
    World Neurosurgery.2022; 162: 11.     CrossRef
  • Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome After Decompressive Hemicraniectomy in a Patient With Calvarial Multiple Myeloma Who Underwent a Lumbar Puncture: A Case Report
    Sara Tonini, David Jordanovski, Karlene Williams
    Cureus.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sinking skin flap syndrome in head and neck reconstruction: A case report
    Alyssa Ovaitt, Matthew Fort, Kirk Withrow, Brian Hughley
    Otolaryngology Case Reports.2021; 21: 100330.     CrossRef
  • Postural neurologic deficits after decompressive craniectomy: A case series of sinking skin flap syndrome in traumatic brain injury
    Emma A. Bateman, Jordan VanderEnde, Keith Sequeira, Heather M. MacKenzie
    NeuroRehabilitation.2021; 49(4): 663.     CrossRef
  • 7,449 View
  • 112 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 7 Crossref
Global Synchronization Index as an Indicator for Tracking Cognitive Function Changes in a Traumatic Brain Injury Patient: A Case Report
Ho Young Lee, Kwang-Ik Jung, Woo-Kyoung Yoo, Suk Hoon Ohn
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(1):106-110.   Published online February 28, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.1.106
Traumatic brain injury is a main cause of long-term neurological disability, and many patients suffer from cognitive impairment for a lengthy period. Cognitive impairment is a fatal malady to that limits active rehabilitation, and functional recovery in patients with traumatic brain injury. In severe cases, it is impossible to assess cognitive function precisely, and severe cognitive impairment makes it difficult to establish a rehabilitation plan, as well as evaluate the course of rehabilitation. Evaluation of cognitive function is essential for establishing a rehabilitation plan, as well as evaluating the course of rehabilitation. We report a case of the analysis of electroencephalography with global synchronization index and low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography applied, for evaluation of cognitive function that was difficult with conventional tests, due to severe cognitive impairment in a 77-year-old male patient that experienced traumatic brain injury.

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  • Brain health in diverse settings: How age, demographics and cognition shape brain function
    Hernan Hernandez, Sandra Baez, Vicente Medel, Sebastian Moguilner, Jhosmary Cuadros, Hernando Santamaria-Garcia, Enzo Tagliazucchi, Pedro A. Valdes-Sosa, Francisco Lopera, John Fredy OchoaGómez, Alfredis González-Hernández, Jasmin Bonilla-Santos, Rodrigo
    NeuroImage.2024; 295: 120636.     CrossRef
  • Criticality and partial synchronization analysis in Wilson-Cowan and Jansen-Rit neural mass models
    Sheida Kazemi, AmirAli Farokhniaee, Yousef Jamali, Gennady S. Cymbalyuk
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(7): e0292910.     CrossRef
  • Structural inequality and temporal brain dynamics across diverse samples
    Sandra Baez, Hernan Hernandez, Sebastian Moguilner, Jhosmary Cuadros, Hernando Santamaria‐Garcia, Vicente Medel, Joaquín Migeot, Josephine Cruzat, Pedro A. Valdes‐Sosa, Francisco Lopera, Alfredis González‐Hernández, Jasmin Bonilla‐Santos, Rodrigo A. Gonza
    Clinical and Translational Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,083 View
  • 80 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
Cervical Spine Malformations Associated With a 5q34-5q35.2 Micro-interstitial Deletion: A Case Report
Heewon Lee, Joon Sung Kim, Seong Hoon Lim, Bomi Sul, Bo Young Hong
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(6):884-887.   Published online December 28, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.6.884
We report a female proband carrying a de novo 5q34-q35.2 deletion breakpoint, and review the unique skeletal phenotype and possible genotype related to this mutation. The patient presented with a persistent head tilt and limited head rotation. Non-contrast-enhanced three-dimensional computed tomography of the cervical spine revealed several malformations including a bone cleft in the right pars interarticularis, a bone defect in both C5 lamina and the transverse foramen at C2–C3, agenesis of the right articular process of C5, bony fusion of C4–C5, and subluxation of the craniocervical joints. Several deformities of the cervical spine seen in this patient have not been associated with the 5q deletion. A review of 5q-related mutations suggests that abnormalities associated with MSX2 gene might cause cervical spine abnormalities.
  • 6,771 View
  • 89 Download
Spinal Accessory Nerve Injury Induced by Manipulation Therapy: A Case Report
Jung Ro Yoon, Yong Ki Kim, Yun Dam Ko, Soo In Yun, Dae Heon Song, Myung Eun Chung
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(5):773-776.   Published online October 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.5.773
Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) injury mostly occurs during surgical procedures. SAN injury caused by manipulation therapy has been rarely reported. We present a rare case of SAN injury associated with manipulation therapy showing scapular winging and droopy shoulder. A 42-year-old woman visited our outpatient clinic complaining of pain and limited active range of motion (ROM) in right shoulder and scapular winging after manipulation therapy. Needle electromyography and nerve conduction study suggested SAN injury. Physical therapy (PT) three times a week for 2 weeks were prescribed. After a total of 6 sessions of PT and modality, the patient reported that the pain was gradually relieved during shoulder flexion and abduction with improved active ROM of shoulder. Over the course of 2 months follow-up, the patient reported almost recovered shoulder ROM and strength as before. She did not complain of shoulder pain any more.

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  • Age Group-Specific Improvement of Vertebral Scoliosis after the Surgical Release of Congenital Muscular Torticollis
    Jong Min Choi, Seong Hoon Seol, Jae Hyun Kim, Chan Min Chung, Myong Chul Park
    Archives of Plastic Surgery.2024; 51(01): 072.     CrossRef
  • Spinal Accessory Nerve Injury following Spinal Adjustment: Case Report and Literature Review of the Outcome of Accessory Nerve Pathology as Result of Blunt Trauma (Spinal Accessory Nerve Palsy after Spinal Adjustment)
    Sulaiman Alanazi, Areej M. Alawfi, Bander S. Alrashedan, Reem A. Almohaini, Majed M. Shogair, Talal A. Alshehri, Eyal Itshayek
    Case Reports in Orthopedics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cervical Myelopathy after Neck Manipulation
    Jin Sun Kang, Sung Hoon Lee, Ki Hong Won, Tae Ki Choi, Su Min Lee, Eun Young Kang, Hyun Kyung Lee, Youn Kyung Cho
    Clinical Pain.2023; 22(2): 122.     CrossRef
  • Iatrogenic injury of the spinal accessory nerve in selective superficial parotidectomy
    Ida M. Stefanizzi, Giulia Petroni, Margherita Pallocci, Michele Treglia, Mauro Arcangeli, Pasquale Giugliano, Alessandro Feola
    Chirurgia.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Ultrasonographic diagnosis of an iatrogenic winged scapula caused by spinal accessory neuropathy combined with dorsal scapular neuropathy - a case report
    Alper Uysal, Nimet Bilge Kalkan
    European Journal of Medical Case Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 9,160 View
  • 182 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
Limitation of Intraoperative Transcranial Electrical Stimulation-Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring During Brain Tumor Resection Adjacent to the Primary Motor Cortex
Hui Jae Do, Han Gil Seo, Byung-Mo Oh, Chul-Kee Park, Jin Wook Kim, Young Doo Choi, Seung Hak Lee
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(5):767-772.   Published online October 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.5.767
Transcranial electrical stimulation-motor evoked potential (TES-MEP) is a valuable intraoperative monitoring technique during brain tumor surgery. However, TES can stimulate deep subcortical areas located far from the motor cortex. There is a concern about false-negative results from the use of TES-MEP during resection of those tumors adjacent to the primary motor cortex. Our study reports three cases of TES-MEP monitoring with false-negative results due to deep axonal stimulation during brain tumor resection. Although no significant change in TES-MEP was observed during surgery, study subjects experienced muscle weakness after surgery. Deep axonal stimulation of TES could give false-negative results. Therefore, a combined method of TES-MEP and direct cortical stimulation-motor evoked potential (DCS-MEP) or direct subcortical stimulation should be considered to overcome the limitation of TES-MEP.

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  • Detecting and Addressing Secondary Neural Injuries in Cranial Surgery: Case Report
    Justin W. Silverstein, James Duehr, Sabena Vilaysom, Michael Schulder, Daniel G. Eichberg
    The Neurodiagnostic Journal.2024; 64(4): 203.     CrossRef
  • Short and long-term prognostic value of intraoperative motor evoked potentials in brain tumor patients: a case series of 121 brain tumor patients
    Justin W. Silverstein, Harshal A. Shah, Prashin Unadkat, Sabena Vilaysom, John A. Boockvar, David J. Langer, Jason A. Ellis, Randy S. D’Amico
    Journal of Neuro-Oncology.2023; 161(1): 127.     CrossRef
  • Real world demonstration of hand motor mapping using the structural connectivity atlas
    Karol Osipowicz, Christos Profyris, Alana Mackenzie, Peter Nicholas, Peter Rudder, Hugh M. Taylor, Isabella M. Young, Angus W. Joyce, Lewis Dobbin, Onur Tanglay, Lerroy Thompson, Tshimollo Mashilwane, Michael E. Sughrue, Stephane Doyen
    Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery.2023; 228: 107679.     CrossRef
  • Usefulness of Transcranial Motor Evoked Potential in Clipping Surgery for Cerebral Aneurysms-Introduction of a New Protocol for Stable Monitoring
    Tatsuya SASAKI, Kensuke MURAKAMI, Atsushi SAITO, Shinya HARYU, Masayuki KAMEYAMA, Yoshiharu TAKAHASHI, Satoru TAKAMURO, Nana KATO, Toshiki ENDO
    Neurologia medico-chirurgica.2023; 63(9): 409.     CrossRef
  • Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring for supratentorial brain tumor surgery
    Han Gil Seo
    Journal of Intraoperative Neurophysiology.2020; 2(2): 73.     CrossRef
  • 6,212 View
  • 106 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
The Application of Three-Dimensional Printed Finger Splints for Post Hand Burn Patients: A Case Series Investigation
Ho-Sung Nam, Cheong Hoon Seo, So-Young Joo, Dong Hyun Kim, Dong-Sik Park
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(4):634-638.   Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.634
The application of three-dimensional (3D) printing is growing explosively in the medical field, and is especially widespread in the clinical use of fabricating upper limb orthosis and prosthesis. Advantages of 3D-printed orthosis compared to conventional ones include its lower cost, easier modification, and faster fabrication. Hands are the most common body parts involved with burn victims and one of the main complications of hand burns are finger joint contractures. Applying orthotic devices such as finger splints are a well-established essential element of burn care. In spite of the rapid evolution of the clinical use of 3D printing, to our knowledge, its application to hand burn patients has not yet been reported. In this study, the authors present a series of patients with hand burn injuries whose orthotic needs were fulfilled with the application of 3D-printed finger splints.

Citations

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  • Motion-Mimicking Robotic Finger Prosthesis for Burn-induced Partial Hand Amputee: A Case Report
    So Young Joo, Yoon Soo Cho, Jisu Seo, Yurim Seo, Sangho Yi, Cheong Hoon Seo
    Journal of Burn Care & Research.2025; 46(1): 230.     CrossRef
  • A national survey of conservative mallet finger injury care and the potential for 3D printing to impact current practice
    Una M. Cronin, Dr. Niamh M. Cummins, Dr. Aidan O’ Sullivan, Prof. Damien Ryan, Prof. Leonard O'Sullivan
    Annals of 3D Printed Medicine.2025; 17: 100184.     CrossRef
  • Response to Letter to the Editor “Motion-Mimicking Robotic Finger Prosthesis for Burn-Induced Partial Hand Amputee: A Case Report—Correspondence”
    So Young Joo, Yoon Soo Cho, Sangho Yi, Cheong Hoon Seo
    Journal of Burn Care & Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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The Effect of Polydeoxyribonucleotide on Chronic Non-healing Wound of an Amputee: A Case Report
Junho Shin, Gahee Park, Junhee Lee, Hasuk Bae
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(4):630-633.   Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.630
Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is safe and effective in wound healing, cellular growth, synthesis of extracellular matrix protein, and inflammation reduction via activation of adenosine A2 receptors. We report a 28-year-old male patient treated with PDRN injections for chronic non-healing wound refractory to negative pressure wound therapy, skin graft, or growth factors. Three injections of PDRN were administered at the wound site into the anterior and medial sides of the left stump on the 1st, 4th, and 9th days of hospitalization. The PDRN ameliorated wound healing by enhancing cell growth, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. PDRN application represents a potential treatment for non-healing wounds obviating the need for additional therapies, and hospitalization, as well as improve patient’s activities of daily living.

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    Yanzhen Sun, Yao Li, Xiaokang Ding, Pan Xu, Xiaodong Jing, Hailin Cong, Hao Hu, Bing Yu, Fu-Jian Xu
    Biomaterials.2025; 314: 122789.     CrossRef
  • Non-surgical treatment of diabetic foot ulcers on the dorsum of the foot with polydeoxyribonucleotide injection: Two case reports
    Yooseok Ha, Jeong-Hee Kim, Jiyoung Kim, Hyeokjae Kwon
    World Journal of Clinical Cases.2024; 12(20): 4446.     CrossRef
  • СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИ ЛІКУВАННЯ РУБЦІВ ПІСЛЯ ЗАГОЄННЯ РАН, ОТРИМАНИХ ПІСЛЯ ВОГНЕПАЛЬНИХ ПОРАНЕНЬ І МІННО-ВИБУХОВИХ ТРАВМ РІЗНОГО ГЕНЕЗУ ТА ЛОКАЛІЗАЦІЇ У ВІЙСЬКОВИХ
    І. М. Салайда
    Здобутки клінічної і експериментальної медицини.2024; (2): 150.     CrossRef
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    Yanzhen Sun, Xiaodong Jing, Yang Liu, Bing Yu, Hao Hu, Hailin Cong, Youqing Shen
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    Jiyoung Yun, SaeGwang Park, Ha Young Park, Kyung Ah Lee
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  • 8,988 View
  • 169 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
Late-Onset Post-radiation Lymphedema Provoked by Bee Venom Therapy: A Case Report
Young Jae Seo, Yong Sung Jeong, Hyo Sik Park, Shin Who Park, Ja Young Choi, Kang Jae Jung, Jong Youb Lim
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(4):626-629.   Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.626
Lymphedema is a common complication associated with cancer itself or with cancer treatment. Lymphedema infrequently occurs after drug therapy. Bee venom is one of the materials used in acupuncture, and it has been used in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases including arthritis. We report a 74-year-old male patient with late-onset post-radiation lymphedema provoked by bee venom therapy. He was free of lymphedema for 5 years after the complete remission of prostate cancer which had been treated with transurethral resection and radiation therapy. The patient developed left leg swelling after undergoing bee venom therapy for left hip pain. Computed tomography and lymphoscintigraphy showed lymphedema without tumor recurrence or infection. The lymphatic system was suspected to be injured by bee venom therapy and lymphedema was provoked. Bee venom therapy should be used cautiously in patients prone to lymphedema.

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  • Melittin and phospholipase A2: Promising anti-cancer candidates from bee venom
    Ziyan Cui, Zegao Zhou, Ziyan Sun, Jiayue Duan, Runtian Liu, Cheng Qi, Changqing Yan
    Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2024; 179: 117385.     CrossRef
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    Amjad Ullah, Fahad Mohammed Aldakheel, Syed Ishtiaq Anjum, Ghulam Raza, Saeed Ahmad Khan, Ivana Tlak Gajger
    Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal.2023; 31(1): 96.     CrossRef
  • Update December 2018
    Francine Blei
    Lymphatic Research and Biology.2018; 16(6): 567.     CrossRef
  • 6,126 View
  • 83 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
Posterior Epidural Migration of a Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Fragment Resembling a Spinal Tumor: A Case Report
Hyojun Kim, Bum Sun Kwon, Jin-Woo Park, Ho Jun Lee, Jung Whan Lee, Eun Kyoung Lee, Tae June Park, Hee Jae Kim, Yongjin Cho, Taeyeon Kim, Kiyeun Nam
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(4):621-625.   Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.621
Posterior epidural migration of a lumbar intervertebral disc fragment (PEMLIF) is uncommon because of anatomical barriers. It is difficult to diagnose PEMLIF definitively because of its relatively rare incidence and the ambiguity of radiological findings resembling spinal tumors. This case report describes a 76-year-old man with sudden-onset weakness and pain in both legs. Electromyography revealed bilateral lumbosacral polyradiculopathy with a mass-like lesion in L2-3 dorsal epidural space on lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The lesion showed peripheral rim enhancement on T1-weighted MRI with gadolinium administration. The patient underwent decompressive L2-3 central laminectomy, to remove the mass-like lesion. The excised lesion was confirmed as an intervertebral disc. The possibility of PEMLIF should be considered when rim enhancement is observed in the epidural space on MRI scans and electrodiagnostic features of polyradiculopathy with sudden symptoms of cauda equina syndrome.

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  • Posterior epidural migration of thoracic and lumbar disc material: a comprehensive 63-year systematic review with anatomical perspectives
    Shafi Hamid, Madison Kropuenske, Salma Zahran, Ehsan Alimohammadi
    Neurosurgical Review.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Posterior epidural migration of herniated disc: A case series and literature review
    Maria Ilaria Borruto, Andrea Perna, Domenico Alessandro Santagada, Calogero Velluto, Maurizio Genitiempo, Francesco Ciro Tamburrelli, Luca Proietti
    Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice.2025; 16: 1.     CrossRef
  • Sequestered Lumbar Disc Mimicking Psoas Abscess: A Case Report
    Shu Suzuki, Kazuya Okita, Kazuki Abe, Mizuka Suzuki, Yasunobu Takaki
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Gadolinium-Enhanced 3-Dimensional MRI for Diagnosis and Surgical Planning of Posterior Epidural Migration of Lumbar Disc Fragment
    Yoshinao Koike, Tomomichi Kajino, Shinya Dobashi, Norimasa Iwasaki
    JBJS Case Connector.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Posterior and anterior epidural and intradural migration of the sequestered intervertebral disc: Three cases and review of the literature
    Daphne J. Theodorou, Stavroula J. Theodorou, Yousuke Kakitsubata, Evangelos I. Papanastasiou, Ioannis D. Gelalis
    The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine.2022; 45(2): 305.     CrossRef
  • Posterior epidural intervertebral disc migration and sequestration: A systematic review
    Paolo Palmisciano, Kishore Balasubramanian, Gianluca Scalia, Navraj S. Sagoo, Ali S. Haider, Othman Bin Alamer, Vishal Chavda, Bipin Chaurasia, Harsh Deora, Maurizio Passanisi, Valerio Da Ros, Giuseppe R. Giammalva, Rosario Maugeri, Domenico G. Iacopino,
    Journal of Clinical Neuroscience.2022; 98: 115.     CrossRef
  • A Review of the Diagnostic Features of Posteriorly Migrated Lumbar Discs with Reports of Two Cases
    Ajaya Kumar Ayyappan Unnithan
    Neurology India.2022; 70(3): 1213.     CrossRef
  • Sequestrated Lumbar Disc Herniation Mimicking Spinal Neoplasm
    Faisal Konbaz, Sami I Aleissa, Fahad Al Helal, Majed Abaalkhail, Waleed Alrogy, Abrar Bin Dohaim, Nasser Albishi
    Cureus.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Posterior epidural sequestrated disc presenting with contralateral radiculopathy: a very rare case
    Withawin Kesornsak, Kanthika Wasinpongwanich, Verapan Kuansongtham
    Spinal Cord Series and Cases.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Dorsal migration of lumbar disc fragments causing cauda equina syndromes: A three case series and literature review
    Shawn Singh Rai, Carlos Rodrigo Goulart, Sepehr Lalezari, Michael Anthony Galgano, Satish Krishnamurthy
    Surgical Neurology International.2020; 11: 175.     CrossRef
  • Posterior epidural migration of herniated lumbar disc fragment: a literature review
    Alaa Eldin Elsharkawy, Anne Hagemann, Peter Douglas Klassen
    Neurosurgical Review.2019; 42(4): 811.     CrossRef
  • 6,817 View
  • 90 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
Which Neural Tract Plays a Major Role in Memory Impairment After Multiple Cerebral Infarcts? A Case Report
Dae Kwon Park, Ki Hyun Byun, Dongseok Yang
Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(4):617-620.   Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.4.617
Injury to the thalamocortical tract (one in the Papez circuit) that leads to memory impairment following brain injury is very rare. In this study, we present a case of partial injury to the thalamocortical tract that causes memory impairment after concurrent thalamic and hippocampal infarct. A 20-year-old male complained of memory impairment 1 month after partial injury to the thalamocortical tract. Using a probabilistic diffusing tensor tractography, it was found that the right thalamocortical tract was thinner than the left thalamocortical tract. However, all other neural tracts including the fornix, cingulum, and mammillothalamic tract were intact on both hemispheres. Therefore, the memory impairment in this patient was considered as being due to thalamic infarct based on the observation that the fornix from hippocampal infarct was intact. This case suggests that the assessment of lesions in the neural tracts of the Papez circuit might be useful for understanding the mechanism of memory impairment following cerebral infarction.

Citations

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  • Association between scrub typhus encephalitis and diffusion tensor tractography detection of Papez circuit injury: A case report
    Hyeok Gyu Kwon, Jeong-Hee Yang, Jee-Hyun Kwon, Dongseok Yang
    World Journal of Clinical Cases.2021; 9(13): 3194.     CrossRef
  • 5,260 View
  • 72 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
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